inward journey memphis

Tag: Inward Journey

Local organizer creates space for inmates to process trauma.

• Post author By Kailynn Johnson
• Post date October 19, 2023

A local organizer believes that through processing trauma and tapping into their emotional wellness, inmates at correctional facilities may have an increased chance at controlling their environment and seeing a positive outcome for themselves.

“The jailers and deputy jailers think that they actually control the jail, and they don’t,” says entrepreneur, facilitator, and professional organizer Keedran Franklin. “The people who are living there control the culture of how things go inside of the jail.”

Through his facilitation work, Franklin says that he deals with processing trauma, and is involved in a local group called Inward Journey. 

While Franklin and Inward Journey pursue doing inner work and emotional healing for their community, they have also been able to provide a space for healing inside correctional facilities as well.

Franklin posted a picture of a recent meeting at 201 Poplar, where he explained that this particular group has zero percent recidivism. Franklin refers to the project as “Inside Circle/Inward Journey” and “Black Men Build.”

According to Franklin, guards brought what he called the “12 most influential people … people who are making things happen around there.” 

“It’s almost like a behavior modification model,” says Franklin. “Guys sit in circles, talk amongst each other.”

The idea is for the individuals to work out their traumas so that they don’t “go from zero to 100.”

“They stop at 10 and think. They stop at 20 and think. They stop at 50 and think. They don’t get to 100,” said Franklin. “In a sense, the guards will realize that they don’t have to be so hard. They don’t have to inculcate, suppress, or oppress the residents as much because they think they’re in lock-up or consignment.”

Franklin cites the work laid out by one of his elders, Dr. James McLeary. McLeary is a board member for Inside Circle. 

According to information provided by Inside Circle, McLeary has been a “critical force driving the growth and success of programs at both Folsom State Prison and San Quentin State Prison.” Franklin says that McLeary’s work involves meetings with gang members in those facilities.

Inside Circle was formerly known as the Men’s Support Group at the California State Prison, Sacramento. It was started in the aftermath of a race riot in 1996. An inmate named Patrick Nolan spent time reflecting on the event, and had an “ intense determination to shift the dynamic driving such extreme violence and hatred.” 

Many years have passed since the initial meeting of the group, but the work has been spread to centers in Illinois, New Jersey, and San Quentin.

“It was pretty miraculous. You had guys with life first, without parole, plus 200 years, are now on the outside,” says Franklin. “The parole board was seeing enough change to say ‘you’ll do well outside.’”

McLeary’s work serves as a catalyst for the work that Franklin and others are doing at 201 Poplar. The group had their first meeting on Monday, October 16th.  

“I know the model, and what it has done for people who are far worse than these guys, on paper, far worse than these guys in 201 and the county lockup,” said Franklin. 

• Tags 201 Poplar , Inward Journey , Keedran Franklin , Memphis

Shelby County Jail to host Inside Circle program promoting healing among inmates

The Shelby County Sheriff's Office announced Wednesday that it will be partnering with a nonprofit organization to help combat the rise in violent crimes among current offenders. Sheriff Floyd Bonner said that the program with Inside Circle is an effort to reduce both recidivism and violent crime in the community and will take place inside the Shelby County Jail.

"It is about critical thinking, stages of personal accountability, violence intervention as well as mental and emotional wellbeing," Bonner said.

The program, which promotes communication as well as spiritual and emotional healing, was announced the day before the Memphis mayoral election , in which Bonner is a frontrunner .

Dr. James McLeary, former CEO and Founding Council Member of Inside Circle, said that formerly incarcerated individuals will run the program inside the jails. The program will have 10 pre-trial detainees from 201 Poplar in it and will be the first time the program will be held in a pre-trial facility.

"And I don't have to tell you, you know what's going on here in Memphis and other places in the United States," McLeary said. "Our main strategy is to work with the influencers and the shot callers because that way, violence, the reduction of violence and aggression, it rolls downhill."

The program will also be in conjunction with Al Lewis and his Inward Journey facilitators.

Bonner also addressed the apparent suicide that happened inside 201 Poplar early Wednesday morning . Bonner said that mental health programs have experienced funding cuts nationwide and that Memphis is no different.

"We need more mental health facilities, I've gone to the state and got additional beds for detainees," Bonner said.

Bonner added that SCSO just received an over $2.6 million grant to address mental health from the Shelby County Commission, but that ultimately jail is not a place for those suffering from mental illness.

"Hopefully these detainees that have mental health issues will be identified and then have somewhere to go instead of jail," Bonner said. "You know, jail is just not a place for someone that is dealing with mental health issues."

McLeary also added that through the Inside Circle program, they have had experiences with inmates who were contemplating suicide before the four-day "circle" began. By the end of the program, the inmate said they had a "renewed sense of purpose."

"He went on from that maximum security prison to a lower-level maximum security prison," McLeary said.

Inside Circle's program inside a California prison had over 500 inmates participate and saw an 83% reduction in serious disciplinary infractions in 18 months. After three years of the program in California, 65% of participants had their custody levels reduced.

Brooke Muckerman covers Shelby County Government for The Commercial Appeal. She can be reached at 901-484-6225, [email protected] and followed on X/Twitter @BrookeMuckerman .

Trauma therapy ‘transformational work’ at 201 Poplar

Eldra Jackson III, left, and James McLeary, right, eat at The Cupboard after the leaders from Inside Circle and Inward Journey have been working with Shelby County Jail inmates. (Brad Vest/Special to The Daily Memphian)

Peer-guided healing circles inside the Shelby County Jail helps participating detainees work through trauma, become positive role models and learn to trust in the possibility of healing.

Thank you for supporting local journalism.

Subscribers to The Daily Memphian help fund our not-for-profit newsroom of nearly 40 local journalists plus more than 20 freelancers, all of whom work around the clock to cover the issues impacting our community. Subscriptions - and donations - also help fund our community access programs which provide free access to K-12 schools, community organizations, and more. Thank you for making our work possible.

Julia Baker

Julia Baker covers Memphis and Shelby County’s law enforcement agencies and is a member of The Daily Memphian’s public safety reporting team. A lifelong Memphian, Julia graduated from the University of Memphis in 2021. Other publications and organizations she has written for include Chalkbeat, Memphis Flyer, Memphis Parent magazine and Memphis magazine.

Public Safety on demand

Sign up to receive Public Safety stories as they’re published.

Enter your e-mail address

Want to comment on our stories or respond to others?  Join the conversation by subscribing now.  Only paid subscribers can add their thoughts or upvote/downvote comments. Our commenting policy can be viewed here . 

Sign up for our latest crime coverage

Receive the latest criminal justice news and investigative crime stories as they're published.

Please check your inbox to finish the signup process. If you haven't received an email within 10 minutes, check your spam/junk folder or contact us at [email protected] for assistance.

You are already signed up

Manage Your Email Subscriptions

Trending Now

Trial testimony continues: paramedic had ‘eerie feeling’ at tyre nichols scene, poplar plaza spins new development ‘angle’ at busy highland corner, political roundup: hagerty responds to trump’s pet-eating claim, more, judge denies motion that would’ve ousted wanda halbert from office, thousands without power in memphis.

"The way to right wrongs is to turn the light of truth upon them." –Ida B. Wells

• Board of Directors
• Origins of Lynching Culture
• Lynching Sites
• Social Justice Organizations
• LSP Speakers
• Donate online

Mr. Rich Watkins

Richard is a Memphis native who graduated from Morehouse College and then Georgetown Law School. He has practiced in the area of intellectual property law in law firm private practice and corporate in house positions in Philadelphia, Chicago, and now Memphis. Outside of his law practice, Richard has volunteered his time serving at the local executive officer level in the Morehouse alumni networks in each of the three cities above. He reached the level of president in Chicago and in Memphis. While in Chicago, Richard led his alumni chapter in raising over a fifty thousand dollars in scholarship funds for area Morehouse students. While in Memphis, he was able to turn a loss leading event for his local alumni network into a positive generator of scholarship funds. Richard is pleased to lend his talents to the Lynching Sites Project to further the goal of changing the narrative in Shelby County. 

Richard is married to Rev. Ayanna Watkins, Executive Director of Memphis Interfaith Coalition For Action and Hope. They are the proud parents of two daughters, with the youngest born in the summer of 2020. Richard enjoys spending time with his family, cooking, bow hunting, cycling, and listening to live music. 

Ms. Iris Love-Scott

Iris Love Scott is a native Memphian, attended Overton High school and is a graduate of the University of Memphis.  Iris’s work has been embedded in the Memphis community for over 25 years as she has worked tirelessly as a community advocate and grassroots efforts for the better part of her professional career.  

Iris came to LSP quite by accident after researching lynching victims in the south. This interest was piqued when a friend suggested going to Birmingham, Alabama to participate in a soil collection project with the Equal Justice Initiative and Bryan Stevenson. It was such a moving experience that she connected with the Lynching Site Project of Memphis.

Iris is a mother of one son, four grandchildren and three fur babies (two cats and one dog). Her hobbies are sewing, gardening, good cooking, picture taking and reading.

Mr. Steve Strain

Born in Memphis in the 1960s, I have long been aware of our many unjust racial attitudes and practices. I made a beginning as an activist in college, but an addictive lifestyle soon rendered me ineffective for anything but the self-seeking pursuit of personal gratification, a dark and self-destructive path. After entering recovery two decades ago, I began work on my own negative attitudes and behaviors. In addition to giving me a new way to live, this work has gradually led me back to some of the nobler convictions of my youth. After some years of reading civil rights history, a recovery friend recommended  Just Mercy  by Bryan Stevenson. Sometime later I attended my first LSP meeting. I am so grateful to have discovered this community, and even more grateful for the opportunity to serve our group's mission as a board member. 

Mr. Jasper St. Bernard

I was born in Philadelphia, PA, and raised in the Southern New Jersey area (a town called Bridgeton). I would later move to the Atlanta area with my family shortly before the Olympics. In 2008 I moved to Wisconsin with my wife and two children, where we lived for nine years. During that time I was able to obtain bachelor’s degrees in Philosophy and Interpersonal/Organizational Communication. I moved to Memphis, TN in 2017 seeking a Master’s degree in Philosophy. After a year I was able to move into the doctoral program at the University of Memphis.

I learned about the Lynching Sites Project while attending a history class with Jennifer Mitchell Bennie. She would race off to the weekly meetings as our class was ending. It was through her invitation that I attended my first meeting last year. I was drawn to the mission of the organization in part because of my own academic interests. I am currently focusing on the thought of Ida B. Wells-Barnett and her anti-lynching work. It was after attending a commemoration service last year that I was convinced that I wanted to join the work of LSP. I was working alongside an organization dedicated to social justice work while in Wisconsin and was glad to find an organization here in Memphis where I could continue with that work.

I believe strongly in the work of the Lynching Sites Project. I agree with Wells-Barnett that we can only move forward through truth-telling. It is the truth that will set us all free together. I deeply appreciate LSP’s dedication to telling the truth.

Mr. John Ashworth

John Ashworth is a Vietnam veteran with 21 years of active military service followed by 20 years of commercial aviation management.  His educational pursuits included studies at Tennessee State University, Columbia College, Missouri; Eastern Michigan University, Ypsilanti, Michigan; and DeVry Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia.

In 2007 he returned to his hometown of Brownsville, Tennessee, and pursued with diligence his interest in African American history.

He is the co-founder of the Dunbar Carver Museum in Brownsville, Co-Founder and Treasurer of the Geneva Miller Historical Society; Chairperson of the Elbert Williams Memorial Committee; Board member of Tennesseans for Historical Justice (THJ). The advantages of living in a small town allow him to remain civically engaged in the community, he is the Secretary of the Haywood County Election Commission, a member of the Brownsville Historic Zoning Commission, and the Brownsville Regional Planning Commission.

As he describes it, “I don’t sit around well”. He is an avid reader, quasi-serious chess player, amateur photographer, loves to travel, but above all his most cherished and important responsibility is Co-Director of the Ashworth Center for Exceptional Grandchildren and Great-Grandchildren. 

Timothy Huebner

Timothy S. Huebner  is the Associate Provost and Sternberg Professor of History at Rhodes College.  A specialist in the history of the nineteenth-century United States, he is the author or editor of four books, including  Liberty and Union:  The Civil War Era and American Constitutionalism  (2016).  In addition, he has published numerous articles in scholarly journals, and his essays, reviews, and op-ed pieces have appeared in the Memphis Commercial Appeal , the Nashville Tennessean , the  Wall Street Journal’s Marketwatch  website,  The Weekly Standard, SCOTUSBlog , the  Washington Post , and the  New York Times . Prof. Huebner and his students gained national attention in spring 2018, when he led a collaborative effort among Rhodes College, historic Calvary Episcopal Church, and the National Park Service to erect a marker at the site of an antebellum slave market operated by Nathan Bedford Forrest in downtown Memphis. 

A member of the faculty at Rhodes since 1995, Prof. Huebner teaches courses on the History of the American South, U.S. Constitutional History, and the Civil War and Reconstruction era. He founded and directed the Rhodes Institute for Regional Studies, an interdisciplinary undergraduate research program, and later served as chair of the Department of History for six years.  Since 2019, he has served as Associate Provost at Rhodes. 

He is married to Kristin Lensch, and they have two children.

Ms. Kelsey Lamkin

A West Tennessee native, Kelsey Lamkin graduated with her M.A. in Public History from Middle Tennessee State University in 2018. In her short career, she has worked in the private and quasi-government sector and has completed projects throughout Tennessee. She is currently an Architectural Historian for EBI Consulting.

Kelsey has worked closely with the Lynching Sites Project of Memphis since 2019 and has used her historical training to commemorate victims of lynching and document local lynching sites.  She is a new member of BLDG Memphis and looks forward to supporting communities in Memphis and beyond in the years to come. Outside of her work, she enjoys re-reading Stephen King novels and spending time with her dogs and husband, an aspiring criminal defense attorney.

Ms. Mary McIntosh

Mary McIntosh, a native of Minnesota, teaches Pre-AP World History/Geography, Facing History and Ourselves, and Contemporary Issues at Central High School in Memphis, TN. She joined LSP in 2016 upon learning that some Central High School students in 1917 had been spectators at the lynching of Ell Persons.  She helped to plan an all-school assembly focused on telling the story of the lynching and then coordinated participation of Central High students in the Memorial Service marking the 100 th anniversary of the lynching which included the 2017 Central High Choir singing a spiritual as people walked the path to the lynching site. 

Mary has long sought to incorporate lessons of history to the cause of social justice today.  In 2014 in response to the protests in Ferguson MO around the death of Michael Brown at the hands of police, she began a club called Courageous Conversations dedicated to providing a space for young people to learn to talk about current political and social justice issues with compassion and integrity while also being grounded in history and empirical facts.   She also leads the Facing History Student Leadership Group at her school and is partnering with Narrative 4, an international organization that uses the power of sharing individual stories to encourage young people to lead with empathy. Most recently, she has begun a club called “History: Challenges and Choices” which provides space for students to study recent legislation that attempts to influence the way history is taught in public schools.

She has studied with the World War II Museum in New Orleans and in Normandy, France, participated as a Bezos Educator Scholar at the Aspen Summer Ideas Festival and in 2019, was named a Belz-Lippman Holocaust Educator of the Year (TN) and the High School Teacher of the Year for Shelby County Schools.  Mary believes that teaching history allows her to help students understand how the realities of society today are often echoes of the stories and identities of events and people from the past.  Grateful for the call to do work that truly matters each day, Mary and her husband Stephen have two grown children who live in Nashville, TN and Eugene, OR.   

Rev. Dr. Almella Starks-Umoja

I was introduced to LSP by a friend from Chicago, organizer and historian Doria Johnson, whose great-grandfather was lynched. Doria was on a panel at Rhodes College with Timothy B. Tyson, author of The Blood of Emmett Till.  Since becoming an LSP member I have participated in the commemoration of Ell Persons, attended the lecture given by Dr. Andre Johnson, Assistant Professor of Communication at the University of Memphis, the Indie Memphis film festival, and the most recent LSP retreat. I would like to see the LSP mission embraced by members of the academic community at the Memphis Theological Seminary.

I grew up in a family of passionate civil rights and social justice advocates, and continued advocacy through my work as a pastor in the AME Church (retired).  I have been selected as one of the speakers for the 2018 Samuel DeWitt Proctor conference, themed “The Struggle Continues.”   

I am a graduate of the 1985 executive class of Leadership Memphis, and a charter member of the Starks Institute for Faith, Race and Social Justice at the Memphis Theological Seminary. I am a Golden Life member of Delta Sigma Theta Sorority, Inc.  

I have one daughter who is a school psychologist in Denver Colorado. I enjoy listening to Audible and reading The Atlantic magazine. I do not subscribe to cable TV and I am an avid viewer of PBS television

Ms. Habiba Tramel

Habiba Tramel born and raised in Rochester, NY and moved to Memphis, TN in April of 2006 after retiring from a General Motors plant with 30 years under her belt. She then got custody of her four grandchildren who are now 25, 21, and 19-year-old twins.  Three are back in Rochester, but the 21-year-old is here with her in Memphis. She joined LSP along with Sam McDaniel and Iris Love-Scott under similar circumstances. She found the work to be quite rewarding and a learning experience as a born and raised Northerner. She is a member of several organizations, one being Inward Journey where she serves as an elder on the tribal council. This is another important organization in Memphis that helps make people aware of injustices and prejudices in the city.  She is learning and still adjusting to Southerners and Southern living and customs. She is always asked why she moved south if she has no relatives here, and her answer is “for my grandchildren and because it’s hot!”.

“Until the color of your skin is the target, you will never understand” Angela Davis

meet your city council

Watch meetings, city council community grant program, meeting agendas and documents, memphis academy of civic engagement, 125 n. main, room 514 memphis, tn 38103, (901) 636-6786, office directory, council rules and procedure, find my council member.

SUPER DISTRICT 8-1

Jb smiley, jr..

[email protected]

JB Smiley, JR.

A native Memphian, with five siblings, born to a social worker and a Bronze Star army soldier, JB Smiley, Jr., knows the value of hard work and a healthy, supportive community.

After JB’s collegiate and semi-professional basketball career, he pursued a legal education, and later, a political career. But his life in serving the most vulnerable started from a young age.

JB’s first experience with teamwork and leadership was as a Cub Scout with the Boy Scouts of America. Never afraid of getting his hands dirty, JB has done everything from working as a landfill cleaner to washing dishes.

As his father taught him to “never forget the bridge that brought you over,” JB decided to stay in the region to attend college and then law school at the University of Arkansas at Little Rock William H. Bowen School of Law.

While in law school, JB served as a member of the Law Review, Moot Court Board, and as Vice President of the Black Law Students Association. JB successfully passed Arkansas and the Tennessee Bar exams, while writing his first book,  Born With It: Unleashing Your Greatness .

In 2017, in Memphis, JB started his law practice, Smiley & Associates, PLLC. The following year, JB was named to  Memphis Flyer’s Top 20, Under 30  class. During that same year, JB was appointed policy advisor to the Shelby County Clerk and served in such capacity until his election to the Memphis City Council in October 2019.

As a council member, JB is currently Vice Chair of the City Council and serves as Chair of the Public Works, Solid Waste & General Services Committee, Vice Chair of the Planning & Zoning Committee, and the council liaison for the Urban Art Commission and the Memphis & Shelby County Film and Television Commission.

In his spare time, JB likes to play basketball, work out, binge watch Netflix shows, and keep his dog, Mighty Mouse, and his nephew, Bryson Maxwell Smiley, smiling!

Rhonda Logan

Councilwoman Rhonda Logan was elected to the Memphis City Council on November 14, 2019. Councilwoman Logan serves as the Director of Operations for Breath of Life Christian Center, where she has also held the position of Community Engagement Officer. Before leading the Breath of Life staff, Logan was the Executive Director of Raleigh Community Development Corporation. During her tenure, she spearheaded innovative solutions by building strong, equitable and sustainable communities through education, engagement, and collaboration.

Councilwoman Logan also serves as the Chairwoman of Raleigh Police Joint Agency, a collaborative partnership between public agencies and concerned residents planning crime prevention and improving community conditions. As the current Board President of Friends of Kennedy Park, she leads an organization of dedicated community leaders in advocating for the restoration and sustainability of a 260-acre greenspace in Memphis. Logan’s passion for her community also led to the creation of a local Farmers Market.

After earning a Bachelor of Arts degree in Psychology from the University of Memphis, Logan later received a Master of Science degree in Clinical Mental Health Counseling from Freed-Hardeman University. She is also a graduate of Leadership Memphis 2021, BLDG Memphis’ New City Builders, and an Emerge TN Alum. Councilwoman Logan has the distinguished honor of being recognized in the 2021 Memphis Business Journals Power 100.

With over 25 years of experience in organizational development, strategic planning, project management, employee relations, leadership and community service, Councilwoman Logan has a strong commitment to helping constituents and communities reach their full potential. She is a solution-oriented individual, devoted to advocacy and helping others. She is dedicated to restoring broken or damaged lives, dreams, and paths. Her faith, education, and life lessons fuel her uncanny talent for bringing order and direction to every challenge.

Councilwoman Logan serves as the Chair of the Public Safety and Homeland Security Committee and Vice Chair of the Housing and Community Development Committee. She serves as the Council Liaison for the Civilian Law Enforcement Review Board (CLERB) and the Memphis Housing Authority Board.

In her private time, Councilwoman Logan enjoys cooking, but her most important and beloved role is being a devoted wife to Calvin Logan and “mom” to five awesome children and two grandchildren.

Jerri Green

Councilwoman Jerri Green, a proud Memphian, was elected to the Memphis City Council on November 16, 2023. Having graduated from White Station High School, she pursued her higher education at the University of Tennessee, Knoxville, where she earned her B.A. in English and Political Science. Continuing her academic journey, Jerri obtained her Juris Doctorate from Georgetown University School of Law in Washington, D.C. 

She is a licensed attorney in the state of Tennessee and a member of the Memphis Bar Association, Tennessee Bar Association, the Association for Women Attorneys, and the American Inns of Court. She has practiced public interest law in areas ranging from international human rights to criminal defense, in Washington, D.C., Nashville, and Memphis. She also taught criminal law and juvenile justice for almost a decade through the University of Phoenix. She has worked at the University Memphis Law School and was the previous Executive Director of the Community Legal Center where she worked to advance the mission of bridging the justice gap in the Memphis community. 

In her most recent professional role, she served as the Senior Policy Advisor to Mayor Lee Harris where she worked on many issues, from Women’s Health and Public Safety to Refugee Assistance and Blight Remediation. Her accomplishments in this role include leading projects to insure over 70% of the local prison population was vaccinated at the height of COVID, finalizing the last group of Shelby County employees received a living wage, and establishing a first of its kind free gun lock by mail program. 

Councilwoman Green was named a Superwoman in Business by the Memphis Business Journal in 2023 and was selected as a fellow for the Aspen Institute’s Memphis Workforce Leadership Academy. She is the past President of the Democratic Women of Shelby County, a member of the Board of Directors for the Girls, Inc. and the Humane Society of Memphis and Shelby County and was the statewide election lead for the Tennessee Moms Demand Action Chapter. 

Councilwoman Green now serves as the Chairwoman of the Economic Development, Tourism, & Technology Committee and the Vice-Chair of the Libraries and Neighborhood Improvement Committee. Additionally, she serves as the Council’s liaison for MLG&W and the Urban Art Commission.  

Councilwoman Green takes immense pride in her role as a mother and wife. Patrick is her loving husband, and she is blessed to be the mother of Beau, Vivienne, and Wilder. 

Pearl Eva Walker

Pearl is a dedicated public servant and a loving mother, advocate, and leader. She is an active member of Abyssinian Missionary Baptist Church, she serves on Team Informed. Pearl Eva Walker is not just a leader; she is a beacon of hope and a champion for all of Memphis, working tirelessly to create a brighter, more equitable future for her community.

Back to School Bash Dumpster Days 2024 – District 3 070124 Dumpster Days 2024 – District 3 – Spanish Language

July 11th Town Hall

Jana Swearengen-Washington

Mrs. Jana Swearengen-Washington, has served in many capacities in education, such as Principal, Assistant Principal, District Curriculum Specialist, and a teacher, Jana offers expertise in organizational planning, teacher coaching, data analysis, grant writing, budget overseeing, school/district partnerships, and community development. Her 30 year educational experience has afforded her opportunities to lead teams for the Forrest City School, Millington School, and Memphis Shelby County School Districts.

As a neighborhood and educational advocate, it has been her personal goal and commitment to invest and ensure that students and families are represented, supported, and have effective leadership. Within the Greater Memphis Community, she serves in many organizations such as: Board Member of W.I.L.L.O.W. (Women in Leadership Leaning on Wisdom) and Vice-President of the Northeast Ministers Spouses Association with the Christian Methodist Episcopal Church. Jana is a member of Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority, Incorporated, Glenview Neighborhood Association, Magnalia Castalia Neighborhood Association, Mt. Pisgah C.M.E. B. R. Danner (which promotes the cultural arts within urban communities), and Democratic Women of Shelby County. She believes in being an active voice, where she serves her school community, church, people, and advocates for all within the Greater Memphis Community.

Jana serves as the Chair of the Public Works, Solid Waste, and General Services Committee and serves as Vice Chair for the Parks and Environment Committee. Additionally, she acts as the Council liaison to both the Convention Center and the Film/TV Commission.

Jana is happily married to Dr. Reverend Robert H. Washington, Sr. They have five children within their blended family: VeAndrea Washington, Janeese Martina Swearengen Murphy (John) and James Swearengen Richey (Ebony) Robert Washington Jr., and Ana Washington. They have six grandchildren: Caleb, Durriya, Laila, John Charles III, James Greyson and Arie Jae. They have two beautiful fur babies: Boston and Bella.

Philip Spinosa

Philip charles spinosa, jr.

After previously serving on the Memphis City Council from 2015 to 2018, in the Super District 9-2 seat, Councilman Philip Spinosa, Jr. was elected on October 5, 2023, and returned to the Memphis City Council to proudly represent the citizens of District 5.

A proud alumnus of Christian Brothers High School, Councilman Spinosa holds a bachelor’s degree in Business Administration and Insurance from the University of Mississippi.

In his previous time on the Council, Councilman Spinosa focused on public safety, economic development, helping the homeless, and he served on various committees to pass critical legislation. His most notable work to help reduce crime was the Neighborhood Sentinel Program, as he worked with neighbors to create and sponsor the resolution. This program has led to hundreds of aerial surveillance cameras being placed all over the City of Memphis that feed into the Memphis Police Department’s Real Time Crime Center. These cameras would not be there without this legislation. He also spearheaded the LED Streetlight implementation, which ultimately led to the current improvements of LED lighting across our city.

Outside of serving on the Memphis City Council, Councilman Spinosa’s professional duties started with a 15+ year career at FedEx. In May of 2018, Councilman Spinosa served as the Senior Vice President of the Chairman’s Circle for the Greater Memphis Chamber. As Senior Vice President of the Chairman’s Circle, he was responsible for leading the Chairman’s Circle, as well as crafting legislation with local, state, and federal government bodies to serve the citizens of Memphis. He also played a key part in leading the effort to improve minority business receipts by launching the “Move Your Money to Memphis” campaign.

Winding down his work for the Chamber, Councilman Spinosa started his own business, Prestigious Logistics, in 2019, which is a boutique logistics and freight brokerage firm. His company has been fortunate to experience annual growth every year and will celebrate it’s 5-year anniversary in 2024.

Committed to his community, Councilman Spinosa has consistently volunteered his time and served on countless boards over the past 20+ years. He currently serves on the Christian Brothers High School Alumni Board, and most recently finished a 4-year term on the Levitt Shell Board, a 5-year term on the Epicenter Memphis Board, and 5-year term on the Governing Board for St. Francis Hospital/Tenet Healthcare.

Councilman Spinosa now serves as the Chairman of the Memphis Light, Gas and Water Committee and the Vice Chair of the Housing & Community Development Committee. He is the Council’s liaison for the Convention & Visitors Bureau and Memphis River Parks Partnership. 

He is the proud husband of Sarah Moon Spinosa, and together they are the parents of their sons, Graham and Bradford. The Spinosa family attends St. Michael Catholic Church on Summer Avenue, where Councilman Spinosa is an active member of the St. Michael’s Catholic Church Men’s Club and Knights of Colombus organization.

Edmund Ford, Sr.

Following a decade of service and commitment to the citizens of District 6 and the entire City of Memphis from October 1999 until 2007, Councilman Edmund H. Ford, Sr. was re-elected to the City Council in October 2019. Ford is grateful that his constituents saw fit to return him to office to continue his service to the people of this community. Born the 15th child of N.J. and Vera Ford, Mr. Ford was raised in the West Junction section of Memphis and graduated from Mitchell Road High School. Mr. Ford received his B.S. degree in Government and Public Affairs from The Tennessee State University and a Mortuary Science degree from John Gupton College in Nashville, Tennessee. Councilman Ford has been a licensed embalmer and funeral director since 1979 and founded the thriving E.H. Ford Mortuary in 1995. Mr. Ford previously worked as a freelance contractor and embalmer all over the Tri-State area.

Councilman Ford is a member of Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity, Inc. and a proud alumnus of Tennessee State University.

Councilman Ford is the Council liaison of the Economic Development Growth Engine (EDGE) and Minority Business Development Oversight Commission (MBDOC). He serves as Chairman of the Economic Development, Tourism & Technology and Vice-Chair of the Transportation Committee.

Mr. Ford is married to Myrna O. Ford and has four children: Former City Councilman and current County Commissioner Edmund Ford, Jr., Christopher, James, and William.

Councilman Ford and his family are active members of Ford Chapel A.M.E. Zion Church.

Michalyn Easter-Thomas

Dr. Michalyn Easter-Thomas is a native of Memphis, TN and is a visionary cultivator of community, culture, and education in her hometown. As a lifelong educator, Michalyn found her inspiration to run successfully for public office and was elected in November 2019 to the Memphis City Council. In her intertwining experience of public education and public service, she takes pride in prioritizing efforts that center the youth and promote increased opportunities for them and their families.

Dr. Easter-Thomas holds a Doctorate of Education from Vanderbilt University, and has had education positions in teaching, instructional coaching, and leading nonprofits towards envisioning their youth-centered work. Michalyn takes pride in centering the community in all of her efforts. Her commitment to community is also evident through her service on various leadership teams and boards of nonprofits, such as: Girl Scouts Heart of the South, Women in Leadership Leaning on Wisdom (WILLOW), Christian Brothers University Black Alumni Association, New Leaders Council of Nashville, and Delta Sigma Theta Sorority Incorporated . These organizations highlight Michalyn’s advocacy for youth, arts and culture, women leadership, equity, and community voice. Michalyn is a dedicated public servant, and always seeks collaborative opportunities to make Memphis better, together.

In her private time, Michalyn enjoys exploring and traveling with her family. Michalyn has been married to Darren Thomas II since 2017, and they have one handsome son Darren “Tripp” Thomas III.

SUPER DISTRICT 8-2

Janika white.

Janika White, a proud Memphian, is fueled by a deep commitment to serve the community she holds dear. With a distinguished career as a skilled litigator handling high-profile cases, she is dedicated to guiding clients through legal intricacies, offering patient guidance and informed decision-making. After graduating from Central High School, Janika White pursued her academic journey at the University of Tennessee at Chattanooga, earning a B.A. in English with a minor in Business Administration, and later obtaining her J.D. from the University of Tennessee College of Law.

Janika White’s legal journey includes serving as a judicial clerk to Chancellor Kenny Armstrong and the Honorable Bernice Bouie Donald at the United States District Court for the Western District of Tennessee. Currently, she owns and practices at Janika White Law, PLLC, specializing in personal injury, business law, and federal criminal defense. For nearly a decade, she collaborated with the legendary Walter Bailey at Bailey, Bailey, & White PLLC.

Her roots in service run deep, inspired by her parents, John and Anita White, who both were dedicated educators in Memphis City Schools. This upbringing instilled in Janika White a lifelong desire to contribute to her community, evident in her pro bono work and mentoring with Street Ministries.

Janika White is actively engaged in various professional organizations, including Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority, Incorporated, the Ben F. Jones Chapter of the National Bar Association, Leo Bearman Inn of Courts, Tennessee Trial Lawyers, and the Memphis Bar Association, where she also holds a seat on the Board of Directors. Additionally, she chairs the Bloomfield Urban Ministries and is a dedicated member of the Board for Economic Opportunities of Memphis.

Recently elected as City Councilwoman for Super District 8, representing over 300,000 Memphians, Janika White brings a wealth of experience and a passion for transformative change. Her approach to civic leadership emphasizes attentive listening, thorough research, and collaborative efforts to implement initiatives that positively impact the community. In her role, Janika White is poised to be a catalyst for positive change, ensuring the welfare and progress of the diverse and vibrant city she calls home.

Super District 8-3

Yolanda cooper-sutton.

Councilwoman Yolanda Cooper-Sutton is a proud Memphis resident of 26 years, having dedicated herself to the betterment of our community. Married for 28 years, she brings a wealth of experience and commitment to her role as a public servant.

Councilwoman Cooper-Sutton holds a University of Pennsylvania Professional Development Certificate in Health Care Innovation and has received her education from Riley Business College in Dothan, Alabama. She is a certified Health Care Advocate and serves as a State of Tennessee Notary Public.

Her active involvement in various community organizations showcases her dedication to making a positive impact. Councilwoman Cooper-Sutton is associated with Respect The Haven Community Development Corporation and the Westwood Neighborhood Association, Inc. Professionally, she is employed in community healthcare, bringing her expertise to address the health needs of our residents.

Beyond her professional commitments, Councilwoman Cooper-Sutton is a passionate community activist and volunteer. She has contributed her time and energy to organizations such as the Union Mission Homeless Shelter and the After School Program for Tillman Community Center.

Councilwoman Cooper-Sutton is an active member of the Church of God in Christ – Messiah Fellowship, where she finds inspiration and strength for her community work. Her commitment to education and literacy is evident through her membership in the Junior League of Memphis and Friends of the Memphis Public Library.

With her family by her side, Councilwoman Yolanda Cooper-Sutton is dedicated to serving the people of Memphis and contributing to the city’s continued growth and prosperity

SUPER DISTRICT 9-1

Chase carlisle.

Councilman Chase Carlisle was elected to the Memphis City Council to serve Super District 9, Position 1. Chase is a senior advisor of the leadership group at Carlisle where he is tasked with growing its local presence and focuses on consulting, asset management, and development.

Previously, Chase served as Director of Real Estate and Development for Carlisle and served as the Executive Vice President of Avison Young.

Councilman Carlisle serves as the Chair of the Budget Committee and Vice Chair of the Economic Development, Tourism, & Technology Committee.  Chase has served on the boards of the Memphis Rock ‘n Soul Museum, the Memphis Music Hall of Fame, and Memphis River Parks Partnership.

He and his wife Elizabeth, along with his three children, Miles, Tully, and Hall, are avid supporters of all things Memphis.

SUPER DISTRICT 9-2

Vice Chairman

J. Ford Canale

Councilman J. Ford Canale was sworn in to serve the citizens of Memphis on May 22, 2018. As the representative of Super District 9, Position 2, Councilman Canale has the privilege of serving more than 300,000 Memphians. A graduate of Christian Brothers High School, the Councilman brings his experience from a small family business and his steadfast commitment to his hometown to this position. His experience in service and leadership are an asset to this Council and to our city. Councilman Canale earned a Bachelor of Science Degree in Accounting from the University of Alabama. He is a funeral director at Canale Funeral Directors. He is also a Licensed Insurance Producer and a member of the Boards of Habitat for Humanity of Greater Memphis and Convergence Memphis, Inc. Councilman Canale was elected Vice Chairman of the Council by his fellow members in December 2023. He serves as Chair of the Planning and Zoning Committee and Vice-Chair of the Executive Committee. He also serves as the City Council Liaison for the Memphis-Shelby County Airport Authority and the Chickasaw Basin Authority. Councilman J. Ford Canale and his wife Sophie have two children – Joseph Ford Canale, Jr. and Rollins Canale. The Canale family attends St. Michael Catholic Church.

SUPER DISTRICT 9-3

Dr. jeff warren.

Dr. Jeff Warren was elected to the Memphis City Council in November 2019. He currently serves as Chair of the Parks and Environment Committee, Vice-Chair of Public Services, Art, Youth Initiatives, Libraries & Neighborhoods, and Council Liaison for the Healthcare Oversight Commission and Zoo. Since its inception, Dr. Warren has been a part of Mayor Jim Strickland’s COVID-19 Task Force.

Jeff is a native of North Carolina, graduate of Yale University and Duke Medical School, who moved to Memphis in 1989. He is a Family Medicine Physician at Memphis Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Medical Director for Trezevant Terrace Assisted Living Facility, Allen Morgan Health and Rehabilitation Center, and Harbor View Nursing and Rehabilitation Center. He previously served as a member of the University of Memphis Biomedical Engineering Advisory Board and is affiliated with University of Tennessee Health Science Center.

Before his election to the Memphis City Council, Jeff served two terms on the Memphis City School Board and the Community Pre-K Advisory Council. He was instrumental in initiating a policy-based form of government through his training as a Broad Institute Fellow. He achieved the Master School Board Award from the State of Tennessee for his additional training and work on effective school board activities.

As a community member, Jeff served two terms on the Memphis Medical Society Board, where he also served as Vice-President of the board. He is an Elder at First Presbyterian Church.   He previously coached church league soccer for 17 years. Jeff is also a Soup Kitchen Volunteer Coordinator for First Presbyterian Church’s Mission Outreach Program.

Jeff and his wife, KC, have lived in Super District 9 for over 30 years and have raised three sons, all proud Snowden and Central graduates.

Looking For

Something else, watch live meetings, watch archived meetings, important documents, code of ordinances and charter, budget hearing and documents, council news, subscribe to chairman's recap, subscribe to agendas + meetings.

Call 311 for a service request

Call 211 for community services, 901-636-6500, ada services, civil rights title vi.

Stay Connected

City Pass is a free program that grants Memphis residents access to all programs and special events at City of Memphis community centers, senior centers, aquatics centers and free admission to the Memphis Zoo on Tuesdays. To get your City Pass card, create a profile account with Memphis Parks and visit one of the two locations that print physical cards. City Pass cards are available beginning: Tuesday September 3, 2024

Join our email list

Sign up to get news straight from the source! 

Quick Links

Sverdlovsk Oblast

Natural resources, early history, medieval history and russian expansion, rise of the mining-metallurgical era, soviet ural, post-soviet transition, administrative divisions, demographics, settlements, ethnic groups, chairmen of the oblast duma, chairmen of the house of representatives of the legislative assembly, economy and transportation, sister relationships, notable people, external links.

Most of the oblast is spread over the eastern slopes of the Middle and North Urals and the Western Siberian Plain . Only in the southwest does the oblast stretch onto the western slopes of the Ural Mountains .

The highest mountains all rise in the North Urals, Konzhakovsky Kamen at 1,569 metres (5,148   ft) and Denezhkin Kamen at 1,492 metres (4,895   ft) . The Middle Urals is mostly hilly country with no discernible peaks; the mean elevation is closer to 300 to 500 metres (980 to 1,640   ft) above sea level. [9] Principal rivers include the Tavda , the Tura , the Chusovaya , and the Ufa , the latter two being tributaries of the Kama .

Sverdlovsk Oblast borders with, clockwise from the west, Perm Krai , the Komi Republic , Khanty–Mansi Autonomous Okrug , Tyumen Oblast , Kurgan , and Chelyabinsk Oblasts , and the Republic of Bashkortostan .

The area is traversed by the northeasterly line of equal latitude and longitude.

Rich in natural resources, the oblast is especially famous for metals ( iron , copper , gold , platinum ), minerals ( asbestos , gemstones , talcum ), marble and coal . It is mostly here that the bulk of Russian industry was concentrated in the 18th and 19th centuries.

The area has continental climate patterns, with long cold winters (average temperatures reaching −15   °C (5   °F) to −25   °C (−13   °F) on the Western Siberian Plain) and short warm summers. Only in the southeast of the oblast do temperatures reach +30   °C (86   °F) in July.

• You can help expand this section with text translated from the corresponding article in Russian . (November 2020) Click [show] for important translation instructions. View a machine-translated version of the Russian article.

The territory of the region has been inhabited since ancient times. Numerous sites of ancient people were discovered, dating from the Paleolithic to the Iron Age. The Upper Paleolithic includes the Garinsky site on the right bank of the Sosva river near the village of Gari , the site in the Shaitansky grotto, and the site in the Bezymyanny cave (X millennium BC). [10] [11] In 1890, the 11 thousand years old (Mesolithic) Shigir idol was discovered. [12]

A settlement and a burial ground in the Kalmatsky Brod tract are located on the right bank of the Iset river and date back to the Sarmatian time (from the 3rd century BC to the 2nd century AD). They belong to the Kalmak archaeological culture. In the Kalmatsky Brod burial ground, the skeletal skulls were strongly deformed by tight bandaging in early childhood, which indicates the penetration of steppe ethnic elements to the north. [13]

There are numerous pictograms on the Koptelovsky stone, on the Oblique stone, on the Two-eyed stone, Starichnaya, Serginskaya, the rock paintings of the Bronze Age on the Neyva River, Tagil River (villages Brekhovaya, Gaevaya, Komelskaya), rock carvings on Shaitan-Kamen on the right bank of the Rezh river tied to indigenous Ural population, possibly speakers of a Ugric language . [14] [15] The Gostkovskaya Pisanitsa refers to the Middle Ages. [12]

Before the first Russian colonists arrived to the region, it was populated by various Turkic and Ugrian tribes. By the 16th century, when the Middle Urals were under influence of various Tatar khanates, the strongest local state was the Vogul Pelym principality with its center in Pelym .

The Russian conquest of the Khanate of Kazan in the 1550s paved the way further east, which was now free from Tatar depredations (see Yermak Timofeyevich ). The first surviving Russian settlements in the area date back to the late 16th   – early 17th centuries ( Verkhoturye , 1598; Turinsk , 1600; Irbit , 1633; Alapayevsk , 1639). At that time, those small trading posts were governed under Siberian administration in Tobolsk . After the 1708 administrative reform, Verkhoturye, Pelym and Turinsk became a part of the new Siberian Governorate , in 1737 their territories were assigned to the Kazan Governorate .

During the 18th century, rich resources of iron and coal made Ural an industrial heartland of Russia. After getting control over Ural mines, the Demidov family put the region in the forefront of Russian industrialization. Yekaterinburg , Nevyansk and Tagil ironworks, founded in the 1700s to 1720s, soon joined the ranks of the major producers in Europe. Throughout the 18th and 19th century those newly founded factory towns enjoyed a status of special mining-metallurgical districts allowed to have a certain rate of financial and proprietary autonomy. During the 1781 reform middle Ural finally got its own regional administration in the form of the Perm Governorate .

When in 1812 the Russian government legalized gold digging for its citizens, Middle Ural became a center of gold mining. Entrepreneurs of the Perm Governorate also started the gold rush in West Siberia, soon Yekaterinburgers began to dominate the Russian market of precious metals and gemstones.

After the emancipation reform of 1861 , major Middle Uralian industries that were heavily dependent on serf labor entered decline, although it also allowed light industry to thrive. In 1878, Perm and Yekaterinburg were connected with a railroad, in 1888, railroads reached Tyumen , and ultimately, in 1897, Yekaterinburg joined the Trans-Siberian network . Emergence of railroad transportation helped to revitalize economy of Ural.

The Bolsheviks established their power in Yekaterinburg and Perm during the first days of the October Revolution of 1917. In early 1918 the dethroned Czar Nicholas II and his family were transferred under custody to Yekaterinburg. Local Bolsheviks decided autonomously to execute the royal family on July 17, 1918, to prevent its rescue of by the approaching White Army forces. Ten days later Yekaterinburg was captured by the Czechoslovak troops of Sergei Wojciechowski . For the next year the Anti-bolshevik forces took control over the region. On 19 August 1918, Provisional Government of Ural was formed in Yekaterinburg by a coalition of liberal and democratic socialist parties, it was supposed to serve as a buffer between the Komuch and Provisional Siberian governments. After the Kolchak coup d'état in Omsk in November 1918, the Government of Ural was disbanded.

In July 1919, in the course of the Yekaterinburg offense, Yekaterinburg and the surrounding areas were recaptured by the Red Army forces under command of Vasily Shorin . On the July 15th, the Perm Governorate was split by the Soviets and the east, for the first time in history, became a separate region, the Yekaterinburg Governorate. It was soon abolished and replaced by the Ural Oblast (1923-1934).

In the 1930s many industrial enterprises were established and built with the help of forced labour. [16] Local industry received another impetus during World War II, when important producing facilities were relocated here from the European part of Russia to safeguard them from the advancing Germans (for example, IMZ-Ural , Kamensk-Uralsky Metallurgical Works ). In the postwar period much of the region was off-limits to foreigners. It was over Sverdlovsk that the American U-2 spy plane pilot Gary Powers was shot down on May 1, 1960, while on a reconnaissance mission.

In 1979, there was an anthrax outbreak caused by an accident in a facility to develop biological weapons.

In 1993, Governor Eduard Rossel responded to perceived economic inequality by attempting to create a " Ural Republic ." Sverdlovsk led the "Urals Five" ( Kurgan Oblast , Orenburg Oblast , Perm Krai , Chelyabinsk Oblast and Sverdlovsk) in a call for greater regional power. They argued that the oblasts deserved as much power as the ethnic homeland republics . The Urals Republic Constitution went into effect on October 27, 1993. Then Russian President Boris Yeltsin dissolved the Urals Republic and the Sverdlovsk Parliament 10 days later (on November 9).

Population : 4,268,998   ( 2021 Census ) ; [5] 4,297,747   ( 2010 Russian census ) ; [17] 4,486,214   ( 2002 Census ) ; [18] 4,716,768   ( 1989 Soviet census ) . [19]

Vital statistics for 2022: [20] [21]

• Births: 39,958 (9.4 per 1,000)
• Deaths: 59,316 (13.9 per 1,000)

Total fertility rate (2022): [22] 1.56 children per woman

Life expectancy (2021): [23] Total — 68.79 years (male   — 63.72, female   — 73.80)

There were twenty-one recognized ethnic groups of more than two thousand persons each in the oblast. Residents identified themselves as belonging to a total of 148 different ethnic groups, including: [17]

• 3,684,843 Russians (90.6%);
• 143,803 Tatars (3.5%);
• 35,563 Ukrainians (0.9%);
• 31,183 Bashkirs (0.8%);
• 23,801 Mari (0.6%);
• 14,914 Germans (0.4%);
• 14,215 Azerbaijanis (0.3%);
• 13,789 Udmurts (0.3%);
• 11,670 Belarusians (0.3%);
• 11,510 Chuvash (0.26%);
• 11,501 Armenians (0.3%);
• 11,138 Tajiks (0.3%);
• 9,702 Mordovians (0.22%);
• 9,358 Uzbeks (0.2%);

232,978 people were registered from administrative databases, and could not declare an ethnicity. It is estimated that the proportion of ethnicities in this group is the same as that of the declared group. [24]

Christianity is the largest religion in Sverdlovsk Oblast. According to a 2012 survey [25] 43% of the population of Sverdlovsk Oblast adheres to the Russian Orthodox Church , 5% are nondenominational Christians (excluding Protestant churches), 3% are Muslims , 2% are Orthodox Christian believers without belonging to any Church or are members of other Orthodox churches , 1% are adherents of the Slavic native faith (Rodnovery), and 0.3% are adherents of forms of Hinduism ( Vedism , Krishnaism or Tantrism ). In addition, 36% of the population declares to be "spiritual but not religious", and 9.7% is atheist . [25]

The most important institutions of higher education include Ural Federal University , Ural State Medical University , Ural State University of Economics , Ural State Law University , Ural State Mining University and Ural State Academy of Architecture and Arts , all located in the capital Yekaterinburg.

The oblast's Charter, adopted on 17 December 1994, with subsequent amendments, establishes the oblast government. The Governor is the chief executive, who appoints the Government, consisting of ministries and departments. The Chairman of the Government, commonly referred to as the Prime Minister, is appointed with the consent of the lower house of the legislature , a process similar to the appointment of the federal Prime Minister . But the Governor cannot nominate the same candidate more than twice, yet he/she can dismiss the house after three failed attempts to appoint the Premier. [ needs update ]

The Legislative Assembly is the regional parliament of Sverdlovsk Oblast. Until 2011, it was a bicameral legislature consisting of the Oblast Duma, the lower house , and the House of Representatives, the upper house . [27] Before the reform, members of the legislature served four-year terms with half of the Duma re-elected every two years. The Duma (28   members) was elected in party lists. The 21   members of the House of Representatives were elected in single-seat districts in a first-past-the-post system. The Legislative Assembly was the first bicameral legislature outside an autonomous republic, and the first regional legislature in Russia to elect members based on both party lists and single-seat districts . As of 2021, the Legislative Assembly is a unicameral legislature with a total of 50 seats, with half of the members elected by single-mandate constituencies and the other half elected in party lists for five-year terms. [28] [29]

Compliance with the Charter is enforced by the Charter Court. The existence of such regional courts in Russia, formed and functioning outside the federal judiciary, although challenged, has been upheld and persisted successfully in most constituent members of the Federation where they were established.

Until President Putin 's reforms of 2004, the Governor was elected by direct vote for terms of four years. Eduard Rossel has been the only elected governor (first elected governor for an oblast in Russia) since 1995 (appointed in 1991 and dismissed in 1993 by President Yeltsin ), re-elected in 1999 and 2003.

Since 2012, the oblast's Governor is Yevgeny Kuyvashev .

In the 1990s, the Oblast's population was distinguished by relatively high support for parties and candidates of the right and democratic persuasion. In the 1996 presidential election, Boris Yeltsin , a native of the region who lived in Sverdlovsk until the 1980s, won over 70% of the vote. In the regional elections in 2010 in the Sverdlovsk Oblast, United Russia received minimal support relative to other regions - only 39.79% of votes. [30]

Even though it could do with modernizing, the region's industries are quite diverse. 12% of Russia's iron and steel industry is still concentrated in Sverdlovsk oblast. Iron and copper are mined and processed here, the logging industry and wood-processing are important, too.

The largest companies in the region include Ural Mining and Metallurgical Company , UralVagonZavod , Enel Russia , Nizhniy Tagil Iron and Steel Works , Federal Freight . [31]

Yekaterinburg is a prominent road, rail and air hub in the Ural region. As the economic slump subsided, several European airlines started or resumed flights to the city. These include Lufthansa , British Airways , CSA , Turkish Airlines , Austrian Airlines and Finnair . Malév Hungarian Airlines used to be among those carriers but they had to drop their flights to SVX ( IATA airport code for Sverdlovsk) after a few months.

The Alapaevsk narrow-gauge railway serves the communities around Alapayevsk .

• Bà Rịa–Vũng Tàu province , Vietnam
• Harbin , China
• Vladik Dzhabarov , Russian cyclist
• Andrey Fedyaev , Russian cosmonaut
• Yakov Sverdlov , a communist revolutionary after whom Sverdlovsk and subsequently Sverdlovsk Oblast were named.
• Church of the Purification of the Blessed Virgin Mary , a building of regional historical significance in Staropyshminsk village.

Related Research Articles

Chelyabinsk Oblast is a federal subject of Russia in the Ural Mountains region, on the border of Europe and Asia. Its administrative center is the city of Chelyabinsk.

Irbit is a town in Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russia, located 203 kilometers (126 mi) from Yekaterinburg by train or 250 kilometers (160 mi) by car, on the right bank of the Nitsa. Population: 37,009 (2021 Census) ; 38,357 (2010 Russian census) ; 43,318 (2002 Census) ; 51,708 (1989 Soviet census) .

Alapayevsk is a town in Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russia, located at the confluence of the Neyva and Alapaikha rivers. Population: 38,192 (2010 Russian census) ; 44,263 ; 50,060 ; 49,000 (1968).

Kushva is a town in Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russia, located in the Ural Mountains near Yekaterinburg. Population: 30,167 (2010 Russian census) ; 35,555 (2002 Census) ; 43,096 (1989 Soviet census) .

Nizhniye Sergi is a town and the administrative center of Nizhneserginsky District in Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russia, located on a rolling plain surrounded by the Ural Mountains, on the Serga River 120 kilometers (75 mi) from Yekaterinburg, the administrative center of the oblast. Population: 10,336 (2010 Russian census) ; 12,567 (2002 Census) ; 14,938 (1989 Soviet census) .

Verkhnyaya Pyshma is a town in Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russia, located 1 kilometer (0.62 mi) north of Yekaterinburg. Population: 59,749 (2010 Russian census) ; 58,016 (2002 Census) ; 53,102 (1989 Soviet census) .

Novouralsk is a closed town in Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russia, located on the eastern side of the Ural Mountains, about 70 kilometers (43 mi) north of Yekaterinburg, the administrative center of the oblast. Population: 85,522 (2010 Russian census) ; 95,414 (2002 Census) .

Krasnoufimsk is a town in Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russia, located on the Ufa River, 224 kilometers (139 mi) from Yekaterinburg. Population: 39,765 (2010 Russian census) ; 43,595 (2002 Census) ; 45,618 (1989 Soviet census) .

Revda is a town in Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russia. Population: 61,875 (2010 Russian census) ; 62,667 (2002 Census) ; 65,757 (1989 Soviet census) .

Sredneuralsk is a town under the administrative jurisdiction of the Town of Verkhnyaya Pyshma in Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russia, located on the shore of Iset Lake, at the head of the Iset River, 25 kilometers (16 mi) north of Yekaterinburg. Population: 20,449 (2010 Russian census) ; 19,555 ; 18,786 (1989 Soviet census) .

Kachkanar is a town in Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russia, located between the Isa and Vyya Rivers in the Tura River's basin, 205 kilometers (127 mi) north of Yekaterinburg, the administrative center of the oblast. Population: 41,426 (2010 Russian census) ; 44,664 (2002 Census) ; 48,251 (1989 Soviet census) . The town of Kachkanar is located at the foot of mountain Kachkanar.

Ivdel is a town in Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russia, located on the Ivdel River near its confluence with the Lozva River, 535 kilometers (332 mi) north of Yekaterinburg, the administrative center of the oblast. Population: 17,775 (2010 Russian census) ; 19,324 (2002 Census) ; 19,014 (1989 Soviet census) .

Severouralsk is a town in Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russia, located on the Vagran River at its confluence with the Kolonga River, 512 kilometers (318 mi) north of Yekaterinburg, the administrative center of the oblast. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 29,263.

Pelym is an urban locality under the administrative jurisdiction of the Town of Ivdel in Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russia. Population: 3,376 (2010 Russian census) ; 3,708 (2002 Census) .

Sukhoy Log is a town and the administrative center of Sukholozhsky District in Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russia, located on the eastern slopes of the Ural Mountains on the Pyshma River, 114 kilometers (71 mi) east of Yekaterinburg, the administrative center of the oblast. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 34,554.

Gornozavodsky District is an administrative district (raion) of Perm Krai, Russia; one of the thirty-three in the krai. Municipally, it is incorporated as Gornozavodsky Municipal District . It is located on the western slopes of the Ural Mountains in the east of the krai. The area of the district is 7,057 square kilometers (2,725 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Gornozavodsk. Population: 26,044 (2010 Russian census) ; 30,172 (2002 Census) ; 38,004 (1989 Soviet census) . The population of Gornozavodsk accounts for 46.3% of the district's total population.

Garinsky District is an administrative district (raion), one of the thirty in Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russia. As a municipal division, it is incorporated as Garinsky Urban Okrug . The area of the district is 16,770 square kilometers (6,470 sq mi). Its administrative center is the urban locality of Gari. Population: 4,904 ; 7,832 (2002 Census) ; 9,381 (1989 Soviet census) . The population of Gari accounts for 50.4% of the district's total population. The main point of historical interest is the former town of Pelym, which was one of the first Russian settlements east of the Urals, marking the eastern terminus of the Cherdyn Road from Europe to Siberia.

Turinsky District is an administrative district (raion), one of the thirty in Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russia. As a municipal division, it is incorporated as Turinsky Urban Okrug . Its administrative center is the town of Turinsk. Population: 28,274 ; 32,540 (2002 Census) ; 40,749 (1989 Soviet census) . The population of Turinsk accounts for 63.4% of the district's total population.

Isetsky District is an administrative district (raion), one of the twenty-two in Tyumen Oblast, Russia. As a municipal division, it is incorporated as Isetsky Municipal District . It is located in the west of the oblast. The area of the district is 2,751 square kilometers (1,062 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality of Isetskoye. Population: 26,061 ; 26,565 (2002 Census) ; 25,862 (1989 Soviet census) . The population of Isetskoye accounts for 28.7% of the district's total population.

Bisert is an urban locality in Nizhneserginsky District of Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russia. Population: 10,233 (2010 Russian census) ; 11,262 (2002 Census) ; 12,646 (1989 Soviet census) .

• ↑ Президент Российской Федерации.   Указ   №849   от   13 мая 2000 г. «О полномочном представителе Президента Российской Федерации в федеральном округе». Вступил в силу   13 мая 2000 г. Опубликован: "Собрание законодательства РФ", No.   20, ст. 2112, 15 мая 2000 г. (President of the Russian Federation.   Decree   # 849   of   May 13, 2000 On the Plenipotentiary Representative of the President of the Russian Federation in a Federal District . Effective as of   May 13, 2000.).
• ↑ Госстандарт Российской Федерации.   №ОК 024-95   27 декабря 1995 г. «Общероссийский классификатор экономических регионов. 2.   Экономические районы», в ред. Изменения №5/2001 ОКЭР. ( Gosstandart of the Russian Federation.   # OK 024-95   December 27, 1995 Russian Classification of Economic Regions. 2.   Economic Regions , as amended by the Amendment   # 5/2001 OKER. ).
• ↑ Official website of the Governor of Sverdlovsk Oblast. Alexander Sergeyevich Misharin (in Russian)
• 1 2 3 Russian Federal State Statistics Service. Всероссийская перепись населения 2020 года. Том 1 [ 2020 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1 ] (XLS) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service .
• ↑ "26. Численность постоянного населения Российской Федерации по муниципальным образованиям на 1 января 2018 года" . Federal State Statistics Service . Retrieved 23 January 2019 .
• ↑ "Об исчислении времени" . Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). 3 June 2011 . Retrieved 19 January 2019 .
• ↑ Official throughout the Russian Federation according to Article   68.1 of the Constitution of Russia .
• ↑ "Russia: Impact of Climate Change to 2030" (PDF) . Retrieved 25 April 2023 .
• ↑ Сериков Ю. Б. Новые находки раннего палеолита в Среднем Зауралье // Ранний палеолит Евразии: новые открытия // Материалы Международной конференции, Краснодар – Темрюк, 1–6 сентября 2008 г.
• ↑ Сериков Ю. Б. Следы раннего палеолита на территории Среднего Зауралья // Вестник археологии, антропологии и этнографии, 2015 № 4 (31)
• 1 2 Объекты культурного наследия Свердловской области (список)
• ↑ Сальников К. В. Древнейшие памятники истории Урала , 1952.
• ↑ Khimiya i Zhizn , 9, 1974, p. 80
• ↑ Писаницы Урала (in Russian). Ural.ru . Retrieved 26 December 2010 .
• ↑ V.A. Kravchenko: I chose freedom (1946)
• 1 2 Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том   1 [ 2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol.   1 ] . Всероссийская перепись населения 2010   года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service .
• ↑ Federal State Statistics Service (21 May 2004). Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов   – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3   тысячи и более человек [ Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000 ] (XLS) . Всероссийская перепись населения 2002   года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian).
• ↑ Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989   г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров [ All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers ] . Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989   года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. 1989 – via Demoscope Weekly .
• ↑ "Information on the number of registered births, deaths, marriages and divorces for January to December 2022" . ROSSTAT . Archived from the original on 2 March 2023 . Retrieved 21 February 2023 .
• ↑ "Birth rate, mortality rate, natural increase, marriage rate, divorce rate for January to December 2022" . ROSSTAT . Archived from the original on 2 March 2023 . Retrieved 21 February 2023 .
• ↑ Суммарный коэффициент рождаемости [ Total fertility rate ] . Russian Federal State Statistics Service (in Russian). Archived from the original (XLSX) on 10 August 2023 . Retrieved 10 August 2023 .
• ↑ "Демографический ежегодник России" [ The Demographic Yearbook of Russia ] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service of Russia (Rosstat) . Retrieved 1 June 2022 .
• ↑ "ВПН-2010" . www.perepis-2010.ru .
• 1 2 3 "Arena: Atlas of Religions and Nationalities in Russia" . Sreda, 2012.
• ↑ 2012 Arena Atlas Religion Maps . "Ogonek", № 34 (5243), 27/08/2012. Retrieved 21/04/2017. Archived .
• ↑ Formation of the legislative body of Sverdlovsk Oblast , old.zsso.ru
• ↑ General information , zsso.ru
• ↑ "Свердловская область" . council.gov.ru .
• ↑ "Результат единороссов по Свердловской области был самым худшим для партии власти" [ The result of United Russia in the Sverdlovsk region was the worst for the ruling party ] . Archived from the original on 10 June 2010 . Retrieved 2 January 2011 .
• ↑ "Sverdlovsk region Industries" . investinregions.ru . Retrieved 7 November 2018 .
• Sverdlovsk Oblast on Facebook
• Investment portal of Sverdlovsk Oblast
• (in Russian) Official website of the Government of Sverdlovsk Oblast

African Americans Forming A New Tribal Existence

Inward Journey, African American Council , a community of men and women in transition, a community with a vision of self-determination and direct action. To be in community means to be in change. Change is an inevitable event in life. Some change is destructive and some is constructive. We pride ourselves on embracing constructive/healing change. African Americans, we judge, suffer from a serious and deadly identity wound. Torn, as our ancestors were, from their homelands, communities, villages, and tribes; and forbidden to practice any tribal ventures for centuries, it is a miracle that we have a trace of sanity left. Even in modern times, our identity was often chosen for us. We have gone through being called darkies, niggers, niggres, colored, Negroes, black, and African American. None of us have totally agreed on an identity. Hence, we suffer the disconnectedness any tribal peoples who were banished from their ancestral homelands would suffer. Why is a name so important? Think of it like this. When you hear the name Zulu, Dogon, Dagara, Apache, or Sioux what images come to mind? The Zulu named themselves based on their collective cultural experiences and vision. A name for any peoples conveys Their Story, something Africans in America are critically lacking. Brothers and Sisters, what is the collective story and vision of Inward Journey? In the motherland, you have nations, communities, and villages, but at its core, you have The Tribe! So what are we as members of Inward Journey to call ourselves? How will we choose to identify ourselves? What name can we offer to the world that is self-identifying and that captures our very intent and purpose of being? Our proposition is simple, we, the sub-committee to redefine the concept of village, have created an acronym that encapsulates our very essence and being, The AAFANTE Tribe, meaning African Americans Forming A New Tribal Existence. The name is all-inclusive and descriptive while promoting our vision and, equally important, it describes a community in transition and action. Unlike the ethnic tribes of old that were exclusive, by necessity, The AAFANTE is inclusive of all peoples of African descent; The Lost Tribes, displaced during the African Diaspora. We believe it to be an honorable name well deserving of the sisters and brothers that we hope will embrace it and own it. We think The Ancestors will be pleased!