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Tourism development policies in Kenya

Profile image of Peter Dieke

1992, Annals of Tourism Research

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Annals of Tourism Research

Peter Dieke

kenya tourism policy document 2010

Recent studies show that tourism in developing countries, like many in Africa can help with economic development because barriers to entry into the international market are lower than for most external trade sectors (Christie 1). Tourism expenditures can provide a significant stimulus to other production and service sectors, and it has the ability to alleviate poverty, preserve and honor cultural heritage, help protect the environment, and international tourism is a relatively high growth industry (Christie 1). Countries like Kenya are in a position to reap the benefits of economic development through international tourism because people are interested in experiencing the ancient Maasai culture, going on a safari to see the “big five” and experiencing what extreme poverty looks like. This draw to tourist can be beneficial to Kenya because it has the ability to boost their GDP, create jobs amongst many different sectors, and help with environmental protection.

Tourism Planning & Development

Fuchaka Waswa

martin odote

Rayviscic Mutinda

Cavagnaro, E., Staffieri, S and Ngesa, F. (2015). Looking from a local lens: Inbound tour operators and sustainable tourism in Kenya, Research in Hospitality Management, 5(2) pp.135-145

Elena Cavagnaro

Few empirical studies on sustainable tourism take into account the perspective of developing countries’ actors. This is even the case in debates about the need to adapt sustainability’s definitions to the context of developing countries. The present study aims at giving a voice to developing countries’ actors by describing how inbound tour operators (ITOs) in Kenya conceive sustainable tourism and their role in promoting it. ITOs were reached through the two official Kenyan category associations for tour operators and through Ecotourism Kenya. Both a survey and in-depth interviews were used to gather data. Results suggest that Kenyan ITOs are familiar with the current definition of sustainability as being constituted of an economic, a social and an environmental dimension. Contrary to expectations, respondents weight their responsibility towards the natural environment at least as highly as their social responsibility. In the end, it is the business long-term survival that dictates this choice: respondents are aware that tourists expect to find in Kenya a flourishing natural environment. Kenyan ITOs are on the whole keenly aware of their role in promoting sustainability to tourist, staff and the community. They experience as a major challenge the lack of institutional pressure from the government. Though this is a common complaint of organisations in developing countries, it is interesting in a Kenyan context where the Government has deployed several policy initiatives on sustainable tourism. A major limitation of this study is the limited sample. Only category associations’ members were sampled, leaving ITOs that operate in the informal economy unheard.

Kent akademisi

Elif GÜNDÜZ

International Journal of Academics & Research, IJARKE Journals

Domestic tourism has proven to be an important driver of tourism industry globally. In Kenya, tourism industry is a critical economic pillar. Empirical evidence reveals that domestic tourism accounts for a huge amount of travel and tourism spending. Globally, domestic tourism has equally generated many employment opportunities and contributed to the overall economic growth. While seasonality is a common phenomenon in the travel industry, domestic tourism has been a useful tool to ameliorate the negative impacts of seasonality. The recent global health pandemic (Covid-19) has greatly affected international tourism – a market that many tourism destinations (such as Kenya) depend on. At the height of Covid -19, followed the ban on international flights to Kenya, the country saw a sharp drop in international arrivals (from 1.5 million 2019 to 0.4 million at the end of 2020). This paper seeks to put into perspective the role of domestic tourism amid such crises, in sustaining tourism related businesses in Kenya. A desktop review was adopted to establish how domestic tourism has and is supporting the tourism sector. The review questions included the following: (i) what is the potential of domestic tourism in Kenya. (ii) What are the current trends of domestic tourism in Kenya, (iii) what are the constraints limiting the uptake of tourism in Kenya? Findings of the review revealed that domestic tourism is an important niche market that has played a critical role during Covid-19 pandemic and should never be underestimated. Among the constraints identified were lack of awareness, and price related constraints. Some of the popular trends in domestic tourism in Kenya includes; increase in day trips/excursions, seaside resort tourism, and visit to game parks/reserves and sightseeing. These findings are key in guiding tourism policy development and implementations to focus on domestic tourism.

Papius Gachau

Joseph K Muriithi

For a long time, Kenya has been known as a leading destination for nature-based tourism. Since the 1990s when sustainable tourism ideals were placed high on the tourism agenda, Kenya has been quite at ease converting to the global popular paradigm of achieving sustainable development through tourism. Many aspects of the country’s safari tourism were quite similar to the then new small-scale tourism proposals governing the new trend towards global sustainable tourism. Ecotourism, which espouses important ideals of sustainable tourism, has consequently become a popular concept among various stakeholders in the country. Between independence and the late 1980s the emphasis in Kenya has been on mass tourism where the number of tourist arrivals mattered more than their impact on the destinations. However, in the 1990s, Kenya enhanced principles of ecotourism to position herself as a destination for the new niche-based tourism, respecting sustainable development ideals. The country was amo...

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Tourism Policy, Legal and Institutional Reforms

Policy Reforms

To realize and sustain the tourism sector, various policy changes were made or initiated in the last five years. To this effect, tourism and wildlife policies were formulated. While the sector will continue to review these policies to suit changing circumstances, the process of translating the two policies into law has been initiated. Hence, the Finalisation of the Wildlife and Tourism Acts will thus be conducted within the MTP Period.

The sector will Finalise a Heritage policy during the Plan period in order to maximise the utilisation of existing heritage facilities, develop a facilitative legal and institutional and regulatory framework, as well as improve efficiency in heritage investment. 

Legal reforms

The legal reforms within this sector include the following:

  • Amendment of the KTDC Act: Gazettement of the KTDC Act will be necessary in order to increase borrowing capacity from Kshs 265 million, to Kshs. 1 billion;
  • Implement the DFI reform strategy for KTDC: The implementation of the DFI Reform Strategy for KTDC will be done through the Ministry of Tourism & Wildlife and the Ministry of Finance;
  • Zoning: Zoning of Kenya into tourism development zones will be done in order to establish a development standard for each product type. The carrying capacity of each zone will form the basis of a pricing mechanism that will take into account the exclusiveness of each zoned area;
  • Enactment of KTB and KICC by Acts of Parliament: The existence of the two Acts has currently gone through legal notice; and
  • Passing and enactment of the Tourism Bill 2007.

kenya tourism policy document 2010

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Covid-19 and Travel and Tourism in Kenya Policy Brief 2020

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Abstract/ overview.

There has been an extraordinary growth of tourism recorded in 2020 in the world (1.5 billion), Africa (71.2 million) and Kenya (2.05 million). Tourism is one of the most important industries in Africa and contributed 8.5% (or $194.2bn) of the continent’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in 2018 (WTTC, 2020).....

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  • Policy Papers [112]

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Showing items related by title, author, creator and subject.

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National Tourism Strategy 2013-2018 

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Bungoma County Tourism Policy 2020 

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Sessional Paper No. 01 of 2010 on Enhancing Sustainable Tourism in Kenya 

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  1. (PDF) Policies for Tourism Development in Kenya

    kenya tourism policy document 2010

  2. Travel infographic

    kenya tourism policy document 2010

  3. Kenya’s Tourism Developing Fast

    kenya tourism policy document 2010

  4. Tourism in Kenya Facts and Information • Urban Kenyans

    kenya tourism policy document 2010

  5. Current State of the Kenyan Tourism Sector

    kenya tourism policy document 2010

  6. (DOC) REPUBLIC OF KENYA MINISTRY OF TOURISM SESSIONAL PAPER No. 1 OF

    kenya tourism policy document 2010

COMMENTS

  1. PDF Draft Revised National Tourism Policy, 2016 on Enhancing Sustainable

    REPUBLIC OF KENYA MINISTRY OF TOURISM WORKING DOCUMENT DRAFT REVISED NATIONAL TOURISM POLICY, 2016 ON ENHANCING SUSTAINABLE TOURISM IN KENYA . ... The need for review of the National Tourism Policy, 2010 is due to a number of changes that have happened since it was adopted so as to

  2. Draft Revised National Tourism Policy

    The Ministry of Tourism and Wildlife has a National Tourism Policy which has guided the sector since 2010. This policy is now due for review because of a number of changes that have happened since it was adopted. ... 2020 on Enhancing Sustainable Tourism in kenya MINISTRY OF TOURISM AND WILDLIFE. By Silas Wachira | 2020-07-07T07:52:41+00:00 ...

  3. National Tourism Blueprint 2030

    Abstract/Overview. The Kenyan tourism industry plays an important role in the economy of Kenya but the industry has experienced challenges in recent years due to the negative impacts of events such as the terrorist attacks in Nairobi in 2013. This, together with a lack of competitiveness in tourism product supply with other African regions, has ...

  4. PDF Kenya's Tourism: Polishing the Jewel

    Kenya's Tourism: Polishing the Gem 8. Executive Summary . 1. Kenya's tourism product lines (that is, supply) and their source markets (that is, demand) function in a cross-sectoral context, which leads to cross-cutting public and private sector issues.

  5. PDF REPUBLIC OF KENYA

    Sessional Paper No. 1 Of 2010 on Enhancing Sustainable Tourism in Kenya 9 | Page 1.2 Existing Tourism Sector Policy Instruments The first statement of Kenya's National Tourism Policy was set out in Sessional Paper No. 8 of 1969. The Policy established growth targets for the industry and further spelt out strategies on the role of

  6. PDF Final Draft National Tourism Policy

    The first National Tourism Policy of Kenya was formulated under Sessional paper No. 8 of 1969, entitled Tourism Development in Kenya. That Policy set growth targets and spelt out strategies on how the government and private sector would develop tourism so that it became one of this nation's leading economic activities.

  7. PDF Enhancing Resilience and Sustainable Tourism in Kenya

    Revised National Tourism Policy, 2020 on Enhancing Resilience and Sustainable Tourism in Kenya 2 | P a g e FOREWORD The tourism sector is one of the key economic drivers in Kenya, generating 8.8% of the country's GDP, worth USD 7.9 billion in 2018.This represents a growth of 5.6%, which

  8. (PDF) Tourism development policies in Kenya

    At the height of Covid -19, followed the ban on international flights to Kenya, the country saw a sharp drop in international arrivals (from 1.5 million 2019 to 0.4 million at the end of 2020). This paper seeks to put into perspective the role of domestic tourism amid such crises, in sustaining tourism related businesses in Kenya.

  9. PDF Gaps identified in tourism-environment policy in Kenya: a content

    Kenya: a content analysis to assess sustainable tourism policy in the country', Int. J. Tourism Policy , Vol. 6, Nos. 3/4, pp.235-255. Biographical notes: Bernard Kitheka is a Postdoc Fellow ...

  10. Tourism Policy, Legal and Institutional Reforms

    Policy Reforms. To realize and sustain the tourism sector, various policy changes were made or initiated in the last five years. To this effect, tourism and wildlife policies were formulated. While the sector will continue to review these policies to suit changing circumstances, the process of translating the two policies into law has been ...

  11. PDF Sustainable Tourism in Kenya: Policy Gaps and Recommendations

    2.0 REGULATORY AND INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK: TOURISM POLICY AND GOVERNANCE IN KENYA 10 2.1 Gap Analysis: Sustainability and Compliance to Policies 11 2.2 Self -Regulatory Frameworks: Stakeholder Associations 12 2.3 Policy and Enforcement Gaps in the Tourism Industry 12 2.4 Policy Gaps Relating to Destination Management 13

  12. Tourism in Kenya: An analysis of strategic issues and challenges

    Although there is already draft tourism policy document going through the legislative process, there are some policy issues that may not have been captured such as: ... 1999, Muune, 2010). • Kenya to be among the top 10 long-haul tourist destinations in the world offering a high-end, diverse and distinctive visitor experience.

  13. PDF Bungoma County Tourism Policy

    The tourism sector has been identified in various policy and planning documents such as Kenya`s Vision 2030, County Integrated Development Plan (CIDP) II ... The National Tourism Policy, 2010 that lays the foundation of tourism development XIV. The Tourism Act, 2011 that creates semi-autonomous government agencies ...

  14. Gaps identified in tourism-environment policy in Kenya: a content

    Gaps identified in tourism-environment policy in Kenya 247 corridors, sol id waste management and mapping of land use patte rns in the country. Conservation is used twenty tim es, but only once as ...

  15. PDF MINISTRY OF TOURISM AND WILDIFE

    of the Kenya Tourism Sector Diagnostic Report that formed basis for the development of NTB2030. ... with the Constitution of Kenya, 2010. We recognize and appreciate the views presented by the many individuals and institutions, from the private sector, the academia, civil society, government (national ... policy documents is gratefully ...

  16. National Tourism Blueprint 2030

    National Tourism Blueprint 2030. The Kenyan tourism industry plays an important role in the economy of Kenya but the industry has experienced challenges in recent years due to the negative impacts of events such as the terrorist attacks in Nairobi in 2013. This, together with a lack of competitiveness in tourism product supply with other ...

  17. National Tourism Strategy 2013-2018

    Abstract/Overview. This National Tourism Strategy is a culmination of extensive stakeholder involvement and participation. It is also a fulfillment of the Tourism Act 2011, Section 3. The essence of the strategy is to address national issues confronting the Kenya tourism sector and focus the players in the sector on sustainable tourism.

  18. Publications

    Impact of Covid-19 On Tourism In Kenya, The Measures Taken And The Recovery Pathways….Download; Digitizing Travel And Tourism Industry In Kenya….Download; Domestic Tourism Recovery Strategies For Kenya…..Download; Covid-19 And Tourism In Kenya: Impact, Measures Taken And Recovery Pathways…..Download

  19. Kenya's foreign policy in context (1963-2015)

    This study constitutes a multilevel review of Kenya's foreign policy in the period 1963-2015, beginning with Jomo Kenyatta through to the current president, Uhuru Kenyatta. After evaluating contexts pertinent to the analysis of Kenya's foreign policy, the fundamental principles, objectives and pillars of the current foreign policy are unpacked.

  20. PDF New Tourism Strategy for Kenya 2021-2025

    NEW TOURISM STRATEGY FOR KENYA 2021-2025 Fast facts on the Kenya tourism sector pre-COVID-19 2.04M Inbound visitors to Kenya 4.4% 1 Estimated direct GDP contribution of the sector (9.3% total contribution) 1.5M Visitors citing holiday as primary reason for visiting Kenya 126B 1 FX contribution making it the 2 nd largest earner 93% Share of

  21. National Tourism Policy 2006

    For more than three decades, since the first statement of national tourism policy was formulated, there have been considerable changes on the political, economic and social fronts within the country. The above factors, coupled with increased concern for environmental protection, following the adoption of Agenda 21 for the Travel and Tourism ...

  22. national tourism policy.pdf

    Revised National Tourism Policy, 2020 on Enhancing Resilience and Sustainable Tourism in Kenya 2 | P a g e FOREWORD The tourism sector is one of the key economic drivers in Kenya, generating 8.8% of the country 's GDP, worth USD 7.9 billion in 2018.This represents a growth of 5.6%, which was greater than the global average of 3.9% and the Sub-Saharan Africa average of 3.3%.

  23. Covid-19 and Travel and Tourism in Kenya Policy Brief 2020

    Abstract/Overview. There has been an extraordinary growth of tourism recorded in 2020 in the world (1.5 billion), Africa (71.2 million) and Kenya (2.05 million). Tourism is one of the most important industries in Africa and contributed 8.5% (or $194.2bn) of the continent's Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in 2018 (WTTC, 2020).....