north macedonia travel advice

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North Macedonia

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Exercise normal safety precautions in North Macedonia.

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Local emergency contacts

Fire and rescue services, medical emergencies, roadside assistance, advice levels.

• Politically motivated civil unrest with the potential to turn violent can occur. Avoid protests and demonstrations. Monitor local media.
• Terrorists are likely to try and carry out attacks in North Macedonia. Attacks could be indiscriminate, including in places visited by foreigners. Take official warnings seriously.
• Petty crime occurs in large cities and at airports. Be alert to pickpocketing and bag snatching. Look after your belongings.
• Bush and forest fires occur during summer. Snow and ice are a hazard in winter. Monitor the media for updates.

Full travel advice:  Safety

• Air pollution can be an issue in parts of North Macedonia, including Skopje. If you have a breathing condition, talk to your doctor before you travel.
• Infectious disease risks include hepatitis, measles, brucellosis and trichinosis. Boil all drinking water or drink bottled water.
• Medical facilities are poor. Doctors and hospitals will usually require a deposit before commencing treatment. You'll need to be evacuated if you become seriously ill or injured. Make sure your travel insurance covers this.

Full travel advice:  Health

• Don't use or carry drugs. Penalties include heavy fines and lengthy prison sentences.
• It's illegal to photograph military or police personnel, sites and equipment.
• Authorities may treat you as a national of North Macedonia if you have Macedonian heritage. You may have to get a North Macedonia passport or do service duties. If you're male, check with an  embassy or consulate .
• Same-sex relationships are legal but not always accepted. Avoid public displays of affection.

Full travel advice:  Local laws

• Entry and exit conditions can change at short notice. You should contact the nearest embassy or consulate of North Macedonia for the latest details.

You can stay for up to 90 days in a 6-month period without a visa.

• A face mask is still mandatory in health facilities, pharmacies, and aged care facilities.

Full travel advice:  Travel

Local contacts

• The  Consular Services Charter  details what we can and can't do to help you overseas.
• The Consulate in Skopje can provide limited consular help but can't issue passports.
• Get full consular assistance from the  Australian Embassy in Belgrade .
• Follow the embassy's social media accounts to stay up to date with local information.

Full travel advice:  Local contacts

Full advice

Civil unrest and political tension, demonstrations and protests.

Public protests and events that draw large groups of people can turn violent.

Violent protests have occurred in Skopje and other major cities.

Inter-ethnic violence could happen anywhere.

Security in areas bordering Kosovo is volatile. Tensions exist between ethnic Macedonian and ethnic Albanian communities in the region.

• take care near the Kosovo border
• don't take photos near border crossings or military zones - see  Local laws

To protect yourself during periods of unrest:

• monitor the media and other sources for possible action
• avoid affected areas
• follow the advice of local authorities

More information:

• Demonstrations and civil unrest

Terrorists are likely to try and carry out attacks in North Macedonia. Attacks could be indiscriminate, including in places visited by foreigners. 

Targets have included:

• public transport hubs
• places of worship/religious sites
• sporting venues
• shopping areas
• places of mass gathering, including those popular with foreigners

Security services have disrupted planned attacks.

To stay safe from terrorism:

• avoid known terrorist targets
• report suspicious activities or items to the police
• monitor the media and other sources
• take official warnings seriously

If there's an attack, leave the area as soon as it's safe. Avoid the affected area in case of secondary attacks.

Terrorism is a threat worldwide.

Petty crime, such as pickpocketing and bag snatching, happens in large cities and airports.

Credit card fraud is common.

To avoid being a victim of crime:

• take care of your belongings, especially in large cities and at airports
• carry bags and backpacks in front of you
• keep your credit card in sight when making purchases

Cyber security

You may be at risk of cyber-based threats during overseas travel to any country. Digital identity theft is a growing concern. Your devices and personal data can be compromised, especially if you’re connecting to Wi-Fi, using or connecting to shared or public computers, or to Bluetooth. 

Social media can also be risky in destinations where there are social or political tensions, or laws that may seem unreasonable by Australian standards. Travellers have been arrested for things they have said on social media. Don't comment on local or political events on your social media. 

More information:  

• Cyber security when travelling overseas  

Kidnapping can happen anywhere, anytime, including destinations that are typically at lower risk. The Australian Government's longstanding policy is that it doesn't make payments or concessions to kidnappers.

Climate and natural disasters

North Macedonia experiences  natural disasters  and  severe weather .

North Macedonia is in an active  earthquake  zone.

Bush and forest fires  may occur during summer, from June to September.

Several large bushfires continue to burn throughout North and Eastern Macedonia. The following areas are particularly affected:

If you're travelling in North Macedonia, avoid areas where fires are present. Monitor local media for the latest information and follow the advice of local authorities.

Some parts of the country experience very low temperatures from October to March. Snow and ice can be a hazard.

The ability of local authorities to clear roads after heavy snowfall varies across the country.

If there's a natural disaster or severe weather:

• secure your passport in a safe, waterproof location
• keep in contact with family and friends
• monitor local media and other local sources
• Register with the  Global Disaster Alert and Coordination System  to receive alerts on major disasters.
• Travel insurance

Make sure you have comprehensive  travel insurance for the whole time you’ll be away. 

Confirm what your policy covers, including in terms of activities, care, and health and travel disruptions . Your policy needs to cover all overseas medical costs, including medical evacuation. The Australian Government won't pay for these costs.

If you can't afford travel insurance, you can't afford to travel. This applies to everyone, no matter how healthy and fit you are.

If you're not insured, you may have to pay many thousands of dollars up-front for medical care.

Physical and mental health

Consider your physical and mental health before you travel, especially if you have an existing medical condition. 

See your doctor or travel clinic to:

• have a basic health check-up
• ask if your travel plans may affect your health
• plan any vaccinations you need

Do this at least 8 weeks before you leave.

If you have immediate concerns for your welfare or the welfare of another Australian, call the 24-hour Consular Emergency Centre on +61 2 6261 3305 or contact your  nearest Australian Embassy, High Commission or Consulate  to discuss counselling hotlines and services available in your location.

• General health advice
• Healthy holiday tips  (Healthdirect Australia)

Medications

Not all medications available over the counter or by prescription in Australia are available in other countries. Some may even be considered illegal or a controlled substance, even if prescribed by an Australian doctor.

If you plan to bring medication, check if it's legal in North Macedonia. Take enough legal medication for your trip.

Carry a copy of your prescription or a letter from your doctor stating:

• what the medication is
• your required dosage
• that it's for personal use
• Medi cation

Health risks

Tick-borne encephalitis.

There's a risk of  tick-borne encephalitis  in forested areas and fields.

Ticks are common in country areas from spring to autumn.

To protect yourself from tick-borne disease:

• use insect repellent
• wear long, loose, light-coloured clothing

During and after visiting forested areas:

• check your body for ticks
• remove ticks from your body as soon as possible, being careful to remove the whole tick

If you see any ticks, monitor the tick site for signs of infection.

Other health risks

Waterborne, foodborne and other infectious diseases occur in North Macedonia. These include:

• brucellosis
• trichinosis

Serious outbreaks sometimes occur.

To protect yourself from illness:

• drink boiled water or drink bottled water with sealed lids
• avoid ice cubes
• avoid raw and uncooked food, including salads, pork and game
• avoid unpasteurised dairy products

Get medical advice if you have a fever or diarrhoea.

• Infectious diseases
• Coronavirus (COVID-19) ( Government of the Republic of North Macedonia)
• Ministry of Health in North Macedonia (in Macedonian and Albanian)

Medical care

Medical facilities.

Medical facilities are limited.

You'll need to pay an up-front deposit for medical services.

If you become seriously ill or injured, you may need to be evacuated to a place with better facilities. Medical evacuation can be very expensive.

Face masks are recommended in hospitals and aged care facilities.

You're subject to all local laws and penalties, including those that may appear harsh by Australian standards. Research local laws before travelling.

If you're arrested or jailed, the Australian Government will do what it can to help you under our  Consular Services Charter . But we can't get you out of trouble or out of jail.

Penalties for drug offences include heavy fines and long prison sentences.

• Carrying or using drugs

Photography

It's illegal to photograph military and police:

• establishments
• vehicles 

Australian laws

Some Australian criminal laws still apply when you're overseas. If you break these laws, you may face prosecution in Australia.

• Staying within the law and respecting customs

Dual citizenship

North Macedonia recognises dual nationality.

If you have Macedonian heritage, you could be considered a national of North Macedonia.

By law, you may need to get a North Macedonia passport after you arrive.

Conscription was abolished in 2006. You may have other service duties.

Check with an Embassy or Consulate of the Republic of North Macedonia before you travel if:

• you're a male Australian-North Macedonia dual-national
• you haven't completed military service in the North Macedonia defence force or the former Yugoslav National Army

If you've completed military service, carry your discharge documents.

Get more details from:

• an embassy or consulate of the  Republic of North Macedonia
• the  Republic of North Macedonia Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Macedonian)
• Dual nationals

Local customs

Same-sex relationships are legal. There may be local sensitivities.

Avoid public displays of affection.

• Advice for LGBTI travellers

Visas and border measures

Every country or territory decides who can enter or leave through its borders. For specific information about the evidence you'll need to enter a foreign destination, check with the nearest embassy, consulate or immigration department of the destination you're entering. 

Visitor visas

Entry and exit conditions can change at short notice. Contact the  nearest embassy or consulate  for details about visas, currency, customs and quarantine rules.

You can also get details from  the Republic of North Macedonia Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Macedonian) .

Entry and departure

North Macedonia's borders are open to Australians, and flights have resumed.

Entry requirements could change at short notice.

Transits through North Macedonia are permitted. If you're transiting through North Macedonia, you must sign a transit declaration on entry and leave the country within 5 hours.

Although the North Macedonia side of the border may be open, the other side may be closed, or authorities may not allow Australian citizens to enter. It's your responsibility to ensure you can enter the country you plan to travel to before entering North Macedonia.

Travelling with children

You'll need consent from one or both parents to enter or depart North Macedonia for:

• a  child  aged under 18 years who isn't travelling with both parents
• a North Macedonia citizen under 14 years old who isn't travelling with both parents

Parents need to sign a written statement.

Get it stamped by:

• local court authorities, or
• a representative from an  embassy or consulate of the Republic of North Macedonia .

You must show the statement to North Macedonia border authorities if asked.

Some countries won't let you enter unless your passport is valid for 6 months after you plan to leave that country, even if you're transiting or stopping over.

Some foreign governments and airlines apply the rule inconsistently. Travellers can receive conflicting advice from different sources.

You can end up stranded if your passport isn't valid for more than 6 months.

The Australian Government does not set these rules. Check your passport's expiry date before you travel. If you're not sure it'll be valid long enough, consider getting  a new passport .

Lost or stolen passport

Your passport is a valuable document. It's attractive to people who may try to use your identity to commit crimes.

Some people may try to trick you into giving them your passport. Always keep it in a safe place.

If your passport is lost or stolen, tell the Australian Government as soon as possible:

• In Australia, contact the  Australian Passport Information Service .
• If you're overseas, contact the nearest  Australian embassy or Consulate .

Passport with 'X' gender identifier 

Although Australian passports comply with international standards for sex and gender, we can't guarantee that a passport showing an 'X' in the sex field will be accepted for entry or transit by another country. Contact the nearest  embassy, high commission or consulate of your destination  before you arrive at the border to confirm if authorities will accept passports with 'X' gender markers. 

• LGBTI travellers  

The official currency is the Denar (MKD). You can't change it outside North Macedonia.

Declare foreign currency over 10,000 euros or equivalent on arrival. This covers all forms of currency, not only cash. If you don't, you could be detained and your money confiscated.

The economy is mainly cash-based. Major hotels and large shops accept credit cards.

ATMs increasingly accept international bank cards.

Local travel

Kosovo border region

Border crossings between North Macedonia and Kosovo may close at short notice.

Restricted zones exist around border crossing points with Kosovo. Check with local authorities or transport providers if you plan to cross there.

Mountain areas bordering Kosovo have landmines and unexploded remnants of war. Stick to roads and well-marked paths.

Seek local advice on how to minimise risks.

Driving permit

To drive in North Macedonia, you'll need both:

• a valid Australian driver's licence, and
• an International Driving Permit (IDP)

Get your IDP before you leave Australia.

Driving without an IDP could void your insurance.

Road travel

Driving in rural areas can be dangerous due to the following:

• poorly maintained roads
• slow-moving farm equipment
• pedestrians and farm animals on the roads
• poor driving habits

In winter, snow and ice can be a hazard for drivers.

The ability of local authorities to clear roads after heavy snowfall varies throughout the country.

Learn road rules before you drive. In North Macedonia, the law requires:

• you have headlights or parking lights on at all times
• you and your passengers wear seatbelts if the car has them

The blood alcohol limit for drivers is 0.05%.

Check if your travel insurance policy covers car, motorbike or other vehicle hire.

If riding a motorcycle, always wear a helmet.

• Driving or riding

Use registered taxis and authorised limousines. Arrange these through your hotel.

Avoid hailing taxis in the street.

Sit in the back seat.

Public transport

Bus and rail services operate throughout the country.

Take care of your belongings to avoid petty crime.

• Transport and getting around safely

DFAT doesn't provide information on the safety of individual commercial airlines or flight paths.

Check  North Macedonia's air safety profile  with the Aviation Safety Network.

Emergencies

Depending on what you need, contact your:

• family and friends
• travel agent
• insurance provider

Always get a police report when you report a crime.

Your insurer should have a 24-hour emergency number.

Consular contacts

Read the  Consular Services Charter  for what the Australian Government can and can't do to help you overseas.

Australia has a consulate in Skopje, headed by an Honorary Consul. It provides limited consular assistance and can't issue passports.

Australian Consulate, Skopje

Prashka 23 Skopje 1000 Phone: (+389 2) 3061 114

You can get full consular assistance from the Australian Embassy in Serbia.

Australian Embassy, Belgrade

Vladimira Popovica 38-40, 8th floor 11070 Belgrade, Serbia Phone: +381 11 330 3400 Website:  serbia.embassy.gov.au Email:  [email protected] Facebook:  Australia in Serbia

Check the Embassy website for details about opening hours and any temporary closures.

24-hour Consular Emergency Centre

In a consular emergency, if you can't contact an embassy, call the 24-hour Consular Emergency Centre on:

• +61 2 6261 3305 from overseas
• 1300 555 135 in Australia

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Republic of North Macedonia

Travel Advisory July 26, 2023

North macedonia - level 1: exercise normal precautions.

Reissued with obsolete COVID-19 page links removed.

Exercise normal precautions in North Macedonia.

Read the country information page for additional information on travel to North Macedonia.

If you decide to travel to North Macedonia: 

• Enroll in the  Smart Traveler Enrollment Program (STEP)  to receive Alerts and make it easier to locate you in an emergency.
• Follow the Department of State on  Facebook  and  Twitter .
• Review the  Country Security Report  for North Macedonia.
• Visit the CDC page for the latest Travel Health Information related to your travel.
• Prepare a contingency plan for emergency situations. Review the  Traveler's Checklist .

Embassy Messages

View Alerts and Messages Archive

Quick Facts

Three months beyond your planned stay.

One page required for entry stamp

Not for stays less than 90 days within a six month period

10,000 Euros or equivalent must be declared

Embassies and Consulates

U.S. Embassy Skopje Samoilova 21 1000 Skopje Republic of North Macedonia Telephone: +(389) (2) 310-2000 Emergency Phone:  +389-7041-5550 Fax: +(389) (2) 310-2499

Email:   [email protected]

Destination Description

See the Department of State’s Fact Sheet on North Macedonia for information on U.S.-North Macedonia relations. 

Entry, Exit and Visa Requirements

You can contact the  Embassy of North Macedonia  in Washington, D.C. or the nearest consulate General for the most current visa information. North Macedonian’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs  website  contains additional information.

• Valid U.S. passports are required for travel to North Macedonia.
• Visas are not required for tourist or business trips of less than 90 days within a six-month period. However , persons with illegal stays over 90 days may face delayed departure, a court hearing with a substantial fine, or a re-entry ban.
• Travelers planning to work, study, or stay longer than 90 days in North Macedonia should obtain the proper visa before traveling to North Macedonia at the Embassy of North Macedonia in their country of residence.
• Hotels register foreign guests.
• If not staying in a hotel, travelers should register in person (the owner or landlord of the residence should accompany registrants) at the police station nearest to current lodgings; changes of address should be re-registered with the police station nearest the new address. Failure to do so could result in a misdemeanor, court procedures, a fine of up to 250 Euros, and a delayed departure. Dual citizens of the United States and North Macedonia should also register with the local police within 48 hours of their arrival if they enter North Macedonia with their U.S. passport.
• The Government of North Macedonia requires all foreign citizens to provide proof of travel medical insurance when they enter the country.
• Unaccompanied U.S. citizen minors traveling in North Macedonia should have a notarized statement of consent from a parent or guardian certified by a competent authority in the country from which the child arrives, or by an embassy or consulate of North Macedonia.
• Travelers should carry a copy of passports, photo IDs, and/or residence permits at all times; local authorities can request your identification. 
• U.S. citizens born in North Macedonia are advised to read the  Greece Country Specific Information  if they plan to travel to Greece.
• Dual citizens of the U.S. and North Macedonia who have stayed outside of North Macedonia for more than three months should either report to the nearest embassy or consulate of North Macedonia before returning to North Macedonia, or report to the nearest police station after entering North Macedonia. Failure to notify may delay departure from North Macedonia.

The U.S. Department of State is unaware of any HIV/AIDS entry restrictions for visitors to or foreign residents of North Macedonia.

Find information on  dual nationality ,  prevention of international child abduction , and  customs regulations  on our websites.

Safety and Security

Terrorism:  Terrorist groups and those inspired by such organizations are intent on attacking U.S. citizens abroad.  Terrorists are increasingly using less sophisticated methods of attack – including knives, firearms, and vehicles – to target crowds more effectively.  Frequently, their aim is unprotected or vulnerable targets, such as:

• High-profile public events (sporting contests, political rallies, demonstrations, holiday events, celebratory gatherings, etc.)
• Hotels, clubs, and restaurants frequented by tourists
• Places of worship
• Shopping malls and markets
• Public transportation systems (including subways, buses, trains, and scheduled commercial flights)

North Macedonia has not had any recent terrorist events, though there were some significant terrorism-related arrests in recent years.  There are continuing concerns in the region of returning Foreign Terrorist Fighters (FTFs) and the potential for radicalization to violence.  North Macedonia authorities assess that ISIS members and sympathizers maintain a presence in North Macedonia. In the past year, during a six month period, North Macedonia was subject to false bomb threats to local schools, transportation hubs, commercial centers, and hotels. Though all threats were found to be false, local authorities responded to every threat and continue to investigate the threats’ origin.

For more information, see our Terrorism page. 

Crime:  Violent crime against U.S. citizens is rare. Theft and other petty street crimes do occur, particularly in areas where tourists and foreigners congregate.

• Do not leave anything of value in plain view in unattended vehicles.
• Securely lock the windows and doors of your residence when not at home.
• Organized crime is present in North Macedonia, and violent confrontations between rival organizations occasionally occur.
• ATM use is generally safe; however, take standard safety precautions and be aware of your surroundings.
• Be aware of your belongings and surroundings at all times.
• Know that pickpockets use various diversionary tactics to distract victims, including groups of children swarming the victim.
• Cancel your credit cards as quickly as possible.

North Macedonia and the surrounding Balkan region continue to face challenges from corruption and from organized crime, particularly in connection with drug trafficking, money laundering, trafficking of migrants, extortion, and property crimes, as well as fraudulent documents.

For additional information, please refer to the Global Organized Crime Index which is a tool designed to measure levels of organized crime in a given country and assess its resilience to organized criminal activity.

Demonstrations occur sporadically and often result in traffic disruptions, particularly near the center of Skopje. They may take place in response to political or economic issues, on politically significant holidays, and during international events.

• Even demonstrations intended to be peaceful can turn confrontational and possibly become violent.
• Avoid areas around protests and demonstrations.
• Check local media for updates and traffic advisories.
• Be aware of your surroundings at all times.
• Follow the instructions of North Macedonia’s authorities.

Information about demonstrations in North Macedonia can be found on the Embassy’s  Security and Emergency Messages for U.S. citizens  webpage.

International Financial Scams: See the  Department of State  and the FBI pages for information.

Victims of Crime:  U.S. citizen victims of sexual assault are encouraged to contact the U.S. Embassy for assistance.  Report crimes to the local police at 112 (ambulance: 112) and contact the U.S. Embassy at +(389) (2) 310-2000. Be aware that police and medical professionals may speak little or no English.  Remember that local authorities are responsible for investigating and prosecuting crimes.

See our webpage on  help for U.S. victims of crime overseas .

• Help you find appropriate medical care.
• Assist you in reporting a crime to the police.
• Contact relatives or friends with your written consent.
• Provide general information regarding the victim’s role during the local investigation and following its conclusion.
• Provide a list of local attorneys.
• Provide our information on  victim’s compensation programs in the U.S.
• Provide an emergency loan for repatriation to the United States and/or limited medical support in cases of destitution.
• Help you find accommodation and arrange flights home.
• Replace a stolen or lost passport.

Domestic Violence:  U.S. citizen victims of domestic violence are encouraged to contact the Embassy for assistance.

Tourism:  The tourism industry is unevenly regulated, and safety inspections for equipment and facilities do not commonly occur.  Hazardous areas/activities are not always identified with appropriate signage, and staff may not be trained or certified either by the host government or by recognized authorities in the field.  In the event of an injury, appropriate medical treatment is typically available only in/near major cities.  First responders are generally unable to access areas outside of major cities and to provide urgent medical treatment.  U.S. citizens are encouraged to purchase medical evacuation insurance.    See our webpage for more information on insurance providers for overseas coverage.

Local Laws & Special Circumstances

Criminal Penalties:  You are subject to local laws. If you violate local laws, even unknowingly, you may be expelled, arrested, or imprisoned. Individuals establishing a business or practicing a profession that requires additional permits or licensing should seek information from the competent local authorities, prior to practicing or operating a business.

Furthermore, some laws are also prosecutable in the United States, regardless of local law. For examples, see our website on  crimes against minors abroad  and the Department of Justice website.

Arrest Notification: If you are arrested or detained, ask police or prison officials to notify the U.S. Embassy immediately. See our  webpage  for further information.

• North Macedonia’s customs authorities enforce strict regulations that require special licenses or permits for the exportation of items deemed to be of historical value or significance. Taking such items out of North Macedonia without the appropriate government-issued permit can result in arrest, monetary fines, and prison sentences. North Macedonia's Customs Administration provides more information on customs regulations.
• Taking photographs of anything that could be perceived as having military or security interest may result in problems with authorities. Visitors should comply with “no photography” signs. If you are in doubt, ask for permission before taking photographs.
• While larger stores and restaurants accept credit cards, small establishments may not accept credit cards and it is advised to carry cash in local currency (denar).
• Failure to declare currency exceeding 10,000 euros, or the equivalent, may result in its confiscation and a court proceeding. Penalties typically include a fine and a percentage of the undeclared amount.

Faith-Based Travelers: See our following webpages for details:

• Faith-Based Travel Information
• International Religious Freedom Report  – see country reports
• Human Rights Report  – see country reports
• Hajj Fact Sheet for Travelers
• Best Practices for Volunteering Abroad

Note: North Macedonia is a multi-ethnic, multi-religious, and multi-lingual state. While there is little religious/ethnic violence in North Macedonia, inter-ethnic and inter-religious tensions do exist.

LGBTQI+ Travelers: Although same-sex relationships are not illegal in North Macedonia, LGBTQI+ individuals still face significant discrimination.  There are no openly gay-friendly establishments in the country. Civil society organizations have reported a recent increase in transphobic and homophobic speech, and there have been numerous reported instances of physical violence against LGBTQI+ individuals.  We advise exercising caution when attending LGBTQI+ events.

See our LGBTQI+ Travel Information page and section 6 of our Human Rights report for further details.

Travelers with Disabilities/Travelers Who Require Accessibility Assistance:  Individuals with disabilities may find accessibility and accommodation very different from the United States. North Macedonia’s law requires that only new buildings be accessible to persons with disabilities. Most public buildings are inaccessible and inconsistent inspection results in construction of new facilities that are not accessible. Public transportation for persons with disabilities is very limited. Although all buses the government has purchased for Skopje since 2013 have been accessible to persons with disabilities, public transportation remains largely inaccessible in other regions.

Review the State Department’s webpage on security for travelers with disabilities .

Students:  See our  Students Abroad  page and  FBI travel tips.

Women Travelers:  See our travel tips for  Women Travelers .

Medical care in North Macedonia varies in quality by location and provider. Skopje has four private hospitals that offer services ranging from cardiovascular surgery to pediatric intensive care.  Quality of care is not equal to U.S. health care.  Outside Skopje, medical care is substandard, with the exception of trauma services in Ohrid.

For emergency services in North Macedonia, dial 112 (general emergency line) or 194 (direct for ambulance).

Ambulance services are:

• Not widely available, except in Skopje and major tourist areas, such as Ohrid. Training and availability of emergency responders may be below U.S. standards.
• A government formulary controls which prescription medications are available; the list does not include several medications available in most Western countries.  Insulin is not available to non-citizens.
• Government-operated emergency services are substandard. Ambulances generally transport to state hospitals unless specifically requested to a private hospital. Private emergency services in Skopje, operated by private institutions, meet higher quality standards.

We do not pay medical bills.  Be aware that U.S. Medicare/Medicaid does not apply overseas. Most hospitals and doctors overseas do not accept U.S. health insurance.

Medical Insurance:  Make sure your health insurance plan provides coverage overseas. Most care providers overseas only accept cash payments. See our webpage for more information on insurance providers for overseas coverage. Visit the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for more information on type of insurance you should consider before you travel overseas.

We strongly recommend supplemental insurance to cover medical evacuation.

Vaccinations:  Be up to date on all vaccinations recommended by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

Further health information:

• World Health Organization
• U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)

Air Quality: Visit AirNow Department of State for information on air quality at U.S. Embassies and Consulates.

• Air pollution is a significant problem in several major cities in North Macedonia. Consider the impact seasonal smog and heavy particulate pollution may have on you and consult your doctor before traveling if necessary.

The U.S. Embassy maintains a  list of doctors and hospitals .  We do not endorse or recommend any specific medical provider or clinic.

Health facilities in general

• Adequate health facilities are available throughout North Macedonia but health care in rural areas may be below U.S. standards.
• Public medical clinics lack basic resources and supplies.
• Hospitals and doctors may require payment “up front” prior to service or admission. Credit card payment is not always available.
• Hospitals may require advance payment or proof of adequate insurance before admitting a patient.
• U.S. citizens have lodged complaints about unethical business practices, prices, and collection measures against some of the private institutions.  Travelers should make efforts to obtain complete information on billing, pricing, and proposed medical procedures before agreeing to any medical care.
• Be aware that some hotels, resorts, etc. have exclusive agreements with medical providers, which may limit your choices in seeking emergency medical attention.
• Medical staff may speak little or no English.
• Generally, in public hospitals, only minimal staff is available overnight in non-emergency wards. Consider hiring a private nurse or having family spend the night with the patient, especially a minor child.
• Patients bear all costs for transfer to or between hospitals.
• Psychological and psychiatric services are limited, even in the larger cities, with hospital-based care only available through government institutions.

Medical Tourism and Elective Surgery

• Medical tourism is a rapidly growing industry. People seeking health care overseas should understand that medical systems operate differently from those in the United States and are not subject to the same rules and regulations.  Anyone interested in traveling for medical purposes should consult with their local physician before traveling and visit the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention website for more information on Medical Tourism and the risks of medical tourism.
• We strongly recommend supplemental insurance  to cover medical evacuation in the event of unforeseen medical complications.
• Your legal options in case of malpractice are very limited in North Macedonia.
• Although North Macedonia has many elective/cosmetic surgery facilities that are on par with those found in the United States, the quality of care varies widely.  If you plan to undergo surgery in North Macedonia, make sure that emergency medical facilities are available , and professionals are accredited and qualified.
• Persons traveling to North Macedonia for medical purposes require the proper “medical” visa.  Check the Government of North Macedonia’s website for more information.

Pharmaceuticals

Always carry your prescription medicine in original packaging, along with your doctor’s prescription. Check with the  Republic of North Macedonia Customs Administration  to ensure the medication is legal in North Macedonia.

• Exercise caution when purchasing medication overseas.  Pharmaceuticals, both over the counter and requiring prescription in the United States, are often readily available for purchase with little controls. Counterfeit medication is common and may prove to be ineffective, the wrong strength, or contain dangerous ingredients.  Medication should be purchased in consultation with a medical professional and from reputable establishments.
• U.S. Customs and Border Protection and the Food and Drug Administration are responsible for rules governing the transport of medication back to the United States.  Medication purchased abroad must meet their requirements to be legally brought back into the United States.  Medication should be for personal use and must be approved for usage in the United States.  Please visit the U.S. Customs and Border Protection and the Food and Drug Administration websites for more information.

Assisted Reproductive Technology and Surrogacy

• If you are considering traveling to North Macedonia to have a child through use of assisted reproductive technology (ART) or surrogacy, please see our ART and Surrogacy Abroad page .
• If you decide to pursue parenthood in North Macedonia via assisted reproductive technology (ART) with a gestational mother, be prepared for long and unexpected delays in documenting your child’s citizenship. Surrogacy is legal in North Macedonia, but there are strict procedures that should be followed and individuals who attempt to circumvent local law may face criminal prosecution.  For additional information, consult the Ministry of Health’s website, available in the Macedonian language only.

Water Quality

In many areas, tap water is not potable. Bottled water and beverages are generally safe, although you should be aware that many restaurants and hotels serve tap water unless bottled water is specifically requested.  Be aware that ice for drinks may be made using tap water.

Adventure Travel

• Visit the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention website for more information about Adventure Travel .
• Visit the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention website for more information about Resources for Travelers regarding specific issues in North Macedonia.

Air Quality

• Infants, children, and teens.
• People over 65 years of age.
• People with lung disease such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which includes chronic bronchitis and emphysema.
• People with heart disease or diabetes.
• People who work or are active outdoors.

Travel and Transportation

Road Conditions and Safety : In North Macedonia, road conditions differ significantly from those in the United States. Driving safely in North Macedonia requires excellent defensive driving skills.

• Most major highways are in good repair, but many secondary urban and rural roads are not maintained and are poorly lit. Secondary mountain roads may be narrow, poorly marked, and lack guardrails.
• During the winter months, snow plowing is limited, and roads can be very treacherous.
• Many vehicles are old and lack front or rear lights.
• Horse-drawn carts, livestock, dead animals, rocks, or other objects are often in the roadway.
• Roadside emergency services are limited.
• In case of emergency, drivers may call the police at 192, the Ambulance Service at 194, and Roadside Assistance at 196.
• Pedestrians should be very cautious when crossing streets, even when using crosswalks, as local drivers often do not slow down or stop for pedestrians.
• Driving at night in rural mountainous areas is inadvisable due to poor or nonexistent lighting.

Traffic Laws : U.S. citizens need a valid U.S. driver’s license and an International Driving Permit (available in the United States only) to drive in North Macedonia.

• In case of a traffic accident, you may contact the traffic police (122). Depending on the circumstances and seriousness of the event, the authorities may hold the passport of the U.S. citizen until the case is resolved.
• Drivers should proceed with caution. Disregard for traffic laws is widespread. The number of traffic accidents and fatalities is high compared to other European countries.
• High fines can be incurred for speeding.  The police will issue a ticket which contains information on how to pay the fine electronically.  The police are not authorized to collect fine payments.
• The maximum legal blood-alcohol limit for drivers is 0.05 ppm .  There is a zero-tolerance policy for alcohol use for professional and student drivers (0.0 ppm). Failure to comply with these limits may result in high fines.
• Using a cell phone while driving is illegal. All passengers are required to wear seat belts. Drivers are required to use headlights at all times. All vehicles are required to have universal tires (with chains), or winter tires, from November 15 th to March 15 th .  Failure to comply with these requirements will result in fines.
• AMSM Road Assistance 196 - Police: 192 or 112.

See traffic rules and legislation in North Macedonia for more details.

Public Transportation:  Public transportation options are limited. Buses are available in Skopje and most are reliable. Taxis from established companies are considered to be safe. Use metered taxis to avoid conflicts about the fare. Most taxis accept cash payments only.

• There are no commercial domestic flights.
• There is no subway system or tramways in North Macedonia, neither Uber nor any other ridesharing company.
• There are intercity buses which travel between most cities which are generally reliable and safe.
• Rail conditions are poor, limited, and service is unreliable.

See our Road Safety page for more information.

Aviation Safety Oversight: As there is no direct commercial air service to the United States by carriers registered in North Macedonia, the U.S. Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) has not assessed the government of North Macedonia’s Civil Aviation Authority for compliance with International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) aviation safety standards.  Further information may be found on the  FAA’s safety assessment page .

For additional travel information

• Enroll in the  Smart Traveler Enrollment Program (STEP)  to receive security messages and make it easier to locate you in an emergency.
• Call us in Washington, D.C. at 1-888-407-4747 (toll-free in the United States and Canada) or 1-202-501-4444 (from all other countries) from 8:00 a.m. to 8:00 p.m., Eastern Standard Time, Monday through Friday (except U.S. federal holidays).
• See the  State Department’s travel website  for the  Worldwide Caution  and  Travel Advisories .
• Follow us on X (formerly known as "Twitter") and Facebook .
• See  traveling safely abroad  for useful travel tips.

Review information about International Parental Child Abduction in North Macedonia . For additional IPCA-related information, please see the International Child Abduction Prevention and Return Act ( ICAPRA ) report.

Travel Advisory Levels

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COVID-19: travel health notice for all travellers

North Macedonia travel advice

Latest updates: Natural disasters and climate – removed information on wildfires, added information on climate change

Last updated: August 12, 2024 11:35 ET

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Safety and security, entry and exit requirements, laws and culture, natural disasters and climate, north macedonia - take normal security precautions.

Take normal security precautions in North Macedonia.

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Petty crime

Petty crime, such as pickpocketing and purse snatching, occurs. Foreigners could be targeted.

Thieves work alone or in groups and may use various techniques to distract you and steal your belongings. Groups of street children sometimes gather around their victim to ask for money while one of them pickpockets them.

Thieves are particularly active in Skopje’s downtown pedestrian zone, and in other crowded public areas such as:

• public transportation hubs and facilities, including Skopje International Airport
• hotel lobbies
• restaurants, patios and outdoor cafés
• tourist sites and attractions

While you’re in North Macedonia:

• ensure that your belongings, including your passport, are secure at all times
• don’t keep your passport and other types of ID in the same place and carry a photocopy rather than the original
• avoid showing signs of affluence or wearing expensive jewellery
• avoid carrying large sums of cash or unnecessary valuables
• avoid deserted streets at night
• pay attention to your surroundings, particularly in crowded and tourist areas and when withdrawing cash from ATM

Residential break-ins

Residential break-ins may occur, especially in main cities. Burglars sometimes target houses or apartments owned or rented by foreigners.

• Choose well-secured accommodation
• Make sure you lock doors and windows at night and when you’re away

Car theft, break-ins and carjacking occur. Rental and luxury vehicles are a target of choice.

• Familiarize yourself with your route before starting a trip
• Keep your windows and doors locked at all times
• Keep your belongings out of reach
• Use secure parking facilities, especially overnight
• Never leave belongings unattended in a vehicle, even in the trunk

Violent crime

Organized crime-related violence occurs. The use of firearms is common.

While violent incidents don’t typically target foreigners or tourists, there is a risk of being in the wrong place at the wrong time.

Although rare, inter-ethnic violence may take place in certain areas of the country.

Smuggling and other criminal activities may also occur, particularly in the areas bordering Kosovo and Albania.

Always be vigilant and aware of your surroundings.

Credit card and ATM fraud occurs. When using debit or credit cards:

• pay careful attention when others are handling your cards
• use ATMs located in public areas or inside a bank or business
• avoid using card readers with an irregular or unusual feature
• cover the keypad with one hand when entering your PIN
• check for any unauthorized transactions on your account statements

Cybercrime occurs. Criminals may compromise public Wi-Fi networks to steal credit card or personal information.

• Avoid using unsecured public Wi-Fi networks
• Avoid making purchases on unencrypted websites
• Use sound judgement when posting information on social media
• Be particularly vigilant when contacting or meeting individuals known over the Internet
• Never click a suspicious link in an email or text message asking for your credit card details

Overseas fraud

There is a threat of terrorism in Europe. Terrorist attacks have occurred in a number of European cities. Terrorist attacks could occur at any time.

Targets could include:

• government buildings, including schools
• places of worship
• airports and other transportation hubs and networks
• public areas such as tourist attractions, restaurants, bars, coffee shops, shopping centres, markets, hotels and other sites frequented by foreigners

Always be aware of your surroundings when in public places. Be particularly vigilant during:

• sporting events
• religious holidays
• public celebrations
• major political events, such as elections

Terrorists may use such occasions to mount attacks.

Demonstrations

Demonstrations take place frequently. Even peaceful demonstrations can turn violent at any time. They can also lead to disruptions to traffic and public transportation.

• Avoid areas where demonstrations and large gatherings are taking place
• Follow the instructions of local authorities
• Monitor local media for information on ongoing demonstrations

Mass gatherings (large-scale events)

Celebratory gunfire

Firing weapons to celebrate is common in North Macedonia. It sometimes coincides with fireworks displays and may take place:

• on weddings
• on certain holidays and days of national observance
• following electionsafter soccer matches and sporting events

Injuries and cases of death due to stray bullets do occur. Avoid areas where celebratory fire is taking place.

Bomb threats

There have been a number of bomb threats emailed to locations in North Macedonia since late 2022, notably to locations in Skopje. Local law enforcement responded to each bomb threat and all have been false alarms.

Bomb threats and hoaxes can target any location, including, but not limited to:

• shopping malls
• transportation hubs
• government facilities
• public spaces

If you are in an area affected by a bomb threat, follow the instructions of local authorities and evacuate calmly.

Mountain activities

Mountain activities, such as hiking, can be dangerous, especially if they are not well-organized. Trails are not always marked and weather conditions can change rapidly, even in summer.

If you intend to go hiking or climbing:

• never do so alone
• consider hiring an experienced guide from a reputable company
• buy travel insurance that includes helicopter rescue and medical evacuation
• ensure that your physical condition is good enough to meet the challenges of your activity
• ensure that you’re properly equipped
• stay informed about weather and other conditions that may pose a hazard
• inform a family member or friend of your itinerary
• obtain detailed information on trekking routes before setting out
• avoid venturing off marked trails

Road safety

Road conditions and road safety can vary greatly throughout the country.

Secondary roads are poorly maintained and lack adequate lighting. In mountainous areas, most roads lack guard rails and are unpaved. Ice and snow make driving hazardous in winter. Farm equipment and stray animals pose additional risks.

Drivers don’t respect traffic laws. They may be reckless.

Exercise caution when travelling by road, especially after dark.

Public transportation

Public transportation in Skopje is reliable. Train and bus services connect the capital with the main cities of the country.

Taxis are widely available and reliable.

• Use only officially marked taxis
• Negotiate fares in advance, or insist that the driver use the meter, as you may be overcharged

We do not make assessments on the compliance of foreign domestic airlines with international safety standards.

Information about foreign domestic airlines

Every country or territory decides who can enter or exit through its borders. The Government of Canada cannot intervene on your behalf if you do not meet your destination’s entry or exit requirements.

We have obtained the information on this page from the North Macedonian authorities. It can, however, change at any time.

Verify this information with the  Foreign Representatives in Canada .

Entry requirements vary depending on the type of passport you use for travel.

Before you travel, check with your transportation company about passport requirements. Its rules on passport validity may be more stringent than the country’s entry rules.

Regular Canadian passport

Your passport must be valid for at least 3 months beyond the date you expect to leave from North Macedonia.

Passport for official travel

Different entry rules may apply.

Official travel

Passport with “X” gender identifier

While the Government of Canada issues passports with an “X” gender identifier, it cannot guarantee your entry or transit through other countries. You might face entry restrictions in countries that do not recognize the “X” gender identifier. Before you leave, check with the closest foreign representative for your destination.

Other travel documents

Different entry rules may apply when travelling with a temporary passport or an emergency travel document. Before you leave, check with the closest foreign representative for your destination.

Useful links

• Foreign Representatives in Canada
• Canadian passports

Tourist visa: not required for stays up to 90 days Business visa: not required for stays up to 90 days Student visa: not required for stays up to 90 days

If you want to stay longer than 90 days but did not apply for a visa prior to arriving in North Macedonia, you must leave the country and apply for the appropriate visa at a North Macedonian embassy or consulate.

If you stay beyond the permitted number of days, you could face heavy fines or be denied entry when returning to North Macedonia.

Registration

You must register your presence within 24 hours of arrival in North Macedonia. Commercial accommodations will generally file the registration on your behalf.

If you’re staying in a non-commercial accommodation, you must register at the nearest police station.

You may face fines and difficulties upon departure if you fail to do so.

Dual citizenship

If you hold North Macedonian citizenship and plan to stay outside of North Macedonia for longer than 3 months, you must register with the closest Embassy of the Republic of North Macedonia.

You may face difficulties when re-entering North Macedonia if you fail to do so.

Foreign Representatives in Canada

• Children and travel

Learn more about travelling with children .

Yellow fever

Learn about potential entry requirements related to yellow fever (vaccines section).

Relevant Travel Health Notices

• Global Measles Notice - 13 March, 2024
• COVID-19 and International Travel - 13 March, 2024

This section contains information on possible health risks and restrictions regularly found or ongoing in the destination. Follow this advice to lower your risk of becoming ill while travelling. Not all risks are listed below.

Consult a health care professional or visit a travel health clinic preferably 6 weeks before you travel to get personalized health advice and recommendations.

Routine vaccines

Be sure that your  routine vaccinations , as per your province or territory , are up-to-date before travelling, regardless of your destination.

Some of these vaccinations include measles-mumps-rubella (MMR), diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, polio, varicella (chickenpox), influenza and others.

Pre-travel vaccines and medications

You may be at risk for preventable diseases while travelling in this destination. Talk to a travel health professional about which medications or vaccines may be right for you, based on your destination and itinerary. 

Yellow fever is a disease caused by a flavivirus from the bite of an infected mosquito.

Travellers get vaccinated either because it is required to enter a country or because it is recommended for their protection.

• There is no risk of yellow fever in this country.

Country Entry Requirement*

• Proof of vaccination is not required to enter this country.

Recommendation

• Vaccination is not recommended.

* It is important to note that country entry requirements may not reflect your risk of yellow fever at your destination. It is recommended that you contact the nearest diplomatic or consular office of the destination(s) you will be visiting to verify any additional entry requirements.

About Yellow Fever

Yellow Fever Vaccination Centres in Canada

There is a risk of hepatitis A in this destination. It is a disease of the liver. People can get hepatitis A if they ingest contaminated food or water, eat foods prepared by an infectious person, or if they have close physical contact (such as oral-anal sex) with an infectious person, although casual contact among people does not spread the virus.

Practise  safe food and water precautions and wash your hands often. Vaccination is recommended for all travellers to areas where hepatitis A is present.

Measles is a highly contagious viral disease. It can spread quickly from person to person by direct contact and through droplets in the air.

Anyone who is not protected against measles is at risk of being infected with it when travelling internationally.

Regardless of where you are going, talk to a health care professional before travelling to make sure you are fully protected against measles.

  Hepatitis B is a risk in every destination. It is a viral liver disease that is easily transmitted from one person to another through exposure to blood and body fluids containing the hepatitis B virus.  Travellers who may be exposed to blood or other bodily fluids (e.g., through sexual contact, medical treatment, sharing needles, tattooing, acupuncture or occupational exposure) are at higher risk of getting hepatitis B.

Hepatitis B vaccination is recommended for all travellers. Prevent hepatitis B infection by practicing safe sex, only using new and sterile drug equipment, and only getting tattoos and piercings in settings that follow public health regulations and standards.

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an infectious viral disease. It can spread from person to person by direct contact and through droplets in the air.

It is recommended that all eligible travellers complete a COVID-19 vaccine series along with any additional recommended doses in Canada before travelling. Evidence shows that vaccines are very effective at preventing severe illness, hospitalization and death from COVID-19. While vaccination provides better protection against serious illness, you may still be at risk of infection from the virus that causes COVID-19. Anyone who has not completed a vaccine series is at increased risk of being infected with the virus that causes COVID-19 and is at greater risk for severe disease when travelling internationally.

Before travelling, verify your destination’s COVID-19 vaccination entry/exit requirements. Regardless of where you are going, talk to a health care professional before travelling to make sure you are adequately protected against COVID-19.

 The best way to protect yourself from seasonal influenza (flu) is to get vaccinated every year. Get the flu shot at least 2 weeks before travelling.  

 The flu occurs worldwide. 

•  In the Northern Hemisphere, the flu season usually runs from November to   April.
•  In the Southern Hemisphere, the flu season usually runs between April and   October.
•  In the tropics, there is flu activity year round. 

The flu vaccine available in one hemisphere may only offer partial protection against the flu in the other hemisphere.

The flu virus spreads from person to person when they cough or sneeze or by touching objects and surfaces that have been contaminated with the virus. Clean your hands often and wear a mask if you have a fever or respiratory symptoms.

In this destination, rabies  may be present in some wildlife species, including bats. Rabies is a deadly disease that spreads to humans primarily through bites or scratches from an infected animal. 

If you are bitten or scratched by an animal while travelling, immediately wash the wound with soap and clean water and see a health care professional. 

Before travel, discuss rabies vaccination with a health care professional. It may be recommended for travellers who will be working directly with wildlife. 

Safe food and water precautions

Many illnesses can be caused by eating food or drinking beverages contaminated by bacteria, parasites, toxins, or viruses, or by swimming or bathing in contaminated water.

• Learn more about food and water precautions to take to avoid getting sick by visiting our eat and drink safely abroad page. Remember: Boil it, cook it, peel it, or leave it!
• Avoid getting water into your eyes, mouth or nose when swimming or participating in activities in freshwater (streams, canals, lakes), particularly after flooding or heavy rain. Water may look clean but could still be polluted or contaminated.
• Avoid inhaling or swallowing water while bathing, showering, or swimming in pools or hot tubs. 

Travellers' diarrhea is the most common illness affecting travellers. It is spread from eating or drinking contaminated food or water.

Risk of developing travellers' diarrhea increases when travelling in regions with poor standards of hygiene and sanitation. Practise safe food and water precautions.

The most important treatment for travellers' diarrhea is rehydration (drinking lots of fluids). Carry oral rehydration salts when travelling.

Insect bite prevention

Many diseases are spread by the bites of infected insects such as mosquitoes, ticks, fleas or flies. When travelling to areas where infected insects may be present:

• Use insect repellent (bug spray) on exposed skin
• Cover up with light-coloured, loose clothes made of tightly woven materials such as nylon or polyester
• Minimize exposure to insects
• Use mosquito netting when sleeping outdoors or in buildings that are not fully enclosed

To learn more about how you can reduce your risk of infection and disease caused by bites, both at home and abroad, visit our insect bite prevention page.

Find out what types of insects are present where you’re travelling, when they’re most active, and the symptoms of the diseases they spread.

Animal precautions

Some infections, such as rabies and influenza, can be shared between humans and animals. Certain types of activities may increase your chance of contact with animals, such as travelling in rural or forested areas, camping, hiking, and visiting wet markets (places where live animals are slaughtered and sold) or caves.

Travellers are cautioned to avoid contact with animals, including dogs, livestock (pigs, cows), monkeys, snakes, rodents, birds, and bats, and to avoid eating undercooked wild game.

Closely supervise children, as they are more likely to come in contact with animals.

Person-to-person infections

Stay home if you’re sick and practise proper cough and sneeze etiquette , which includes coughing or sneezing into a tissue or the bend of your arm, not your hand. Reduce your risk of colds, the flu and other illnesses by:

•   washing your hands often
• avoiding or limiting the amount of time spent in closed spaces, crowded places, or at large-scale events (concerts, sporting events, rallies)
• avoiding close physical contact with people who may be showing symptoms of illness 

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) , HIV , and mpox are spread through blood and bodily fluids; use condoms, practise safe sex, and limit your number of sexual partners. Check with your local public health authority pre-travel to determine your eligibility for mpox vaccine.  

Medical services and facilities

Good health care is limited in availability. Most medical facilities are poorly equipped, and specialized treatment may not be available. Immediate cash payment is usually required for medical services.

Make sure you get travel insurance that includes coverage for medical evacuation and hospital stays.

Health and safety outside Canada

Medications

Shortages of medications are common. If you take prescription drugs, make sure you have an adequate supply for the duration of your stay in North Macedonia. You should also bring basic medicine, particularly if travelling to outlying areas.

If you bring medications with you, you’re responsible for determining their legality in North Macedonia.

• Bring sufficient quantities of your medication with you
• Always keep your medication in the original container
• Pack them in your carry-on luggage
• Carry a copy of your prescriptions

Keep in Mind...

The decision to travel is the sole responsibility of the traveller. The traveller is also responsible for his or her own personal safety.

Be prepared. Do not expect medical services to be the same as in Canada. Pack a   travel health kit , especially if you will be travelling away from major city centres.

You must abide by local laws.

Learn about what you should do and how we can help if you are arrested or detained abroad .

Transfer to a Canadian prison

Canada and North Macedonia are signatories to the Convention on the Transfer of Sentenced Persons. This enables a Canadian imprisoned in North Macedonia to request a transfer to a Canadian prison to complete a sentence. The transfer requires the agreement of both Canadian and North Macedonia authorities.

This process can take a long time, and there is no guarantee that the transfer will be approved by either or both sides.

Penalties for possession, use or trafficking of illegal drugs are severe. Convicted offenders can expect prison sentences or heavy fines.

Drugs, alcohol and travel

Identification

Authorities may request to see your ID at any time.

• Carry valid identification or a photocopy of it at all times
• Keep a photocopy of your passport in case it’s lost or seized
• Keep a digital copy of your ID and travel documents

Photography

There are restrictions on photographing:

• military or police installations or personnel
• border crossings
• government buildings

Signs advising of the restrictions may be posted in sensitive areas.

• Refrain from photographing military installations or personnel even if no signs are posted
• Comply with all requests from local authorities

2SLGBTQI+ persons

North Macedonian law does not criminalize sexual acts or relationships between persons of the same sex.

However, 2SLGBTQI+ persons could be discriminated against based on their sexual orientation, gender identity, gender expression, or sex characteristics.

Travel and your sexual orientation, gender identity, gender expression and sex characteristics

Dual citizenship is legally recognized in North Macedonia.

If you are a Canadian citizen, but also a citizen of North Macedonia, our ability to offer you consular services may be limited while you're there. You may also be subject to different entry/exit requirements .

Dual citizens

International Child Abduction

The Hague Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction is an international treaty. It can help parents with the return of children who have been removed to or retained in certain countries in violation of custody rights. The convention applies between Canada and North Macedonia.

If your child was wrongfully taken to, or is being held in North Macedonia, and if the applicable conditions are met, you may apply for the return of your child to the North Macedonian court.

If you are in this situation:

• act as quickly as you can
• contact the Central Authority for your province or territory of residence for information on starting an application under The Hague Convention
• consult a lawyer in Canada and in North Macedonia to explore all the legal options for the return of your child
• report the situation to the nearest Canadian government office abroad or to the Vulnerable Children's Consular Unit at Global Affairs Canada by calling the Emergency Watch and Response Centre

If your child was removed from a country other than Canada, consult a lawyer to determine if The Hague Convention applies.

Be aware that Canadian consular officials cannot interfere in private legal matters or in another country's judicial affairs.

• List of Canadian Central Authorities for the Hague Convention
• International Child Abductions: A guide for affected parents
• The Hague Convention – Hague Conference on Private International Law
• Canadian embassies and consulates by destination
• Request emergency assistance

Cultural heritage and antiquities

There are strict laws regarding the purchase and exportation of antiquities and objects of special significance to the country's cultural heritage.

To avoid any difficulties:

• verify with the Cultural Heritage Protection Office and the customs administration if items are subject to particular restrictions and requirements
• make sure you obtain and carry the required legal paperwork to purchase or export such items
• Contact information - Cultural Heritage Protection Office
• Objects of historical and cultural worth - North Macedonian Customs Administration

You must carry an international driving permit.

All vehicles must use daytime running lights.

Penalties for drinking and driving are severe. Convicted offenders can expect heavy fines or jail.

Police routinely stop vehicles for inspection.

In the event of an accident:

• call the police immediately
• don’t move the vehicle until the police have allowed you to do so

International Driving Permit

The currency of North Macedonia is the Macedonian denar (MKD).

The economy is mostly cash-based. However, credit cards are accepted in some larger establishments. ATMs are available in urban centres.

You must make a declaration to customs upon entry or exit if you have the equivalent of €10,000 or more, regardless of the currencies. This includes sums in:

• money orders
• traveller’s cheques
• any other convertible assets

Climate change

Climate change is affecting North Macedonia. Extreme and unusual weather events are becoming more frequent and may affect your travel plans. Monitor local media for the latest information.

Forest fires are common during the summer. Heavy smoke may deteriorate the air quality in areas near active fires.

In case of a significant fire:

• stay away from affected areas, particularly if you suffer from respiratory ailments
• monitor local media for up-to-date information on the situation
• follow the instructions of emergency services personnel, including evacuation orders.

Seismic activity

North Macedonia is located in an active seismic zone. Even minor earthquakes can cause damage.

Earthquakes - What to Do?

Flooding and landslides

Heavy rains, particularly during spring and summer, can cause flooding and landslides. Roads may become impassable and infrastructure damaged.

• Exercise caution, particularly in areas around major rivers
• Stay informed of the latest regional weather forecasts
• Follow the instructions of local authorities, including evacuation orders
• Meteorological forecast - Hydrometeorological service (in Macedonian)

Between November and February, Skopje and surrounding areas can be affected by thick fog, which can affect air travel.

• Reconfirm your flight before heading to the airport
• Flights - Skopje airport

Air pollution

Smoke haze and other types of air pollution can be extremely hazardous in North Macedonia. It’s usually worst in winter due the heavy smoke from coal and wood burning heaters. Air pollution levels can change quickly.

During periods of high pollution:

• limit your outdoor activities, especially if you suffer from respiratory ailments or have pre-existing medical conditions
• monitor local media
• follow the instructions of local authorities

Air pollution in Skopje - World Air Quality Index

Local services

In case of emergency, dial:

• police: 192
• medical assistance: 194
• firefighters: 193
• roadside assistance: 196

Consular assistance

Montenegro, North Macedonia, Serbia

For emergency consular assistance, call the Embassy of Canada to Serbia, in Belgrade, and follow the instructions. At any time, you may also contact the Emergency Watch and Response Centre in Ottawa.

The decision to travel is your choice and you are responsible for your personal safety abroad. We take the safety and security of Canadians abroad very seriously and provide credible and timely information in our Travel Advice to enable you to make well-informed decisions regarding your travel abroad.

The content on this page is provided for information only. While we make every effort to give you correct information, it is provided on an "as is" basis without warranty of any kind, expressed or implied. The Government of Canada does not assume responsibility and will not be liable for any damages in connection to the information provided.

If you need consular assistance while abroad, we will make every effort to help you. However, there may be constraints that will limit the ability of the Government of Canada to provide services.

Learn more about consular services .

Risk Levels

  take normal security precautions.

Take similar precautions to those you would take in Canada.

  Exercise a high degree of caution

There are certain safety and security concerns or the situation could change quickly. Be very cautious at all times, monitor local media and follow the instructions of local authorities.

IMPORTANT: The two levels below are official Government of Canada Travel Advisories and are issued when the safety and security of Canadians travelling or living in the country or region may be at risk.

  Avoid non-essential travel

Your safety and security could be at risk. You should think about your need to travel to this country, territory or region based on family or business requirements, knowledge of or familiarity with the region, and other factors. If you are already there, think about whether you really need to be there. If you do not need to be there, you should think about leaving.

  Avoid all travel

You should not travel to this country, territory or region. Your personal safety and security are at great risk. If you are already there, you should think about leaving if it is safe to do so.

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North Macedonia Traveler View

Travel health notices, vaccines and medicines, non-vaccine-preventable diseases, stay healthy and safe.

• Packing List

After Your Trip

Be aware of current health issues in North Macedonia. Learn how to protect yourself.

Level 1 Practice Usual Precautions

• Carnival and Mardi Gras June 30, 2021 This notice has been removed. Destination List: Lithuania, Malta, North Macedonia, Norway, Slovakia, Slovenia, United States

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Check the vaccines and medicines list and visit your doctor at least a month before your trip to get vaccines or medicines you may need. If you or your doctor need help finding a location that provides certain vaccines or medicines, visit the Find a Clinic page.

Avoid contaminated water

Leptospirosis

How most people get sick (most common modes of transmission)

• Touching urine or other body fluids from an animal infected with leptospirosis
• Swimming or wading in urine-contaminated fresh water, or contact with urine-contaminated mud
• Drinking water or eating food contaminated with animal urine
• Avoid contaminated water and soil
• Avoid floodwater

Clinical Guidance

Avoid bug bites.

Leishmaniasis

• Sand fly bite
• Avoid Bug Bites

Airborne & droplet

• Breathing in air or accidentally eating food contaminated with the urine, droppings, or saliva of infected rodents
• Bite from an infected rodent
• Less commonly, being around someone sick with hantavirus (only occurs with Andes virus)
• Avoid rodents and areas where they live
• Avoid sick people

Tuberculosis (TB)

• Breathe in TB bacteria that is in the air from an infected and contagious person coughing, speaking, or singing.

Learn actions you can take to stay healthy and safe on your trip. Vaccines cannot protect you from many diseases in North Macedonia, so your behaviors are important.

Eat and drink safely

Food and water standards around the world vary based on the destination. Standards may also differ within a country and risk may change depending on activity type (e.g., hiking versus business trip). You can learn more about safe food and drink choices when traveling by accessing the resources below.

• Choose Safe Food and Drinks When Traveling
• Water Treatment Options When Hiking, Camping or Traveling
• Global Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH)
• Avoid Contaminated Water During Travel

You can also visit the Department of State Country Information Pages for additional information about food and water safety.

Prevent bug bites

Bugs (like mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas) can spread a number of diseases in North Macedonia. Many of these diseases cannot be prevented with a vaccine or medicine. You can reduce your risk by taking steps to prevent bug bites.

What can I do to prevent bug bites?

• Cover exposed skin by wearing long-sleeved shirts, long pants, and hats.
• Use an appropriate insect repellent (see below).
• Use permethrin-treated clothing and gear (such as boots, pants, socks, and tents). Do not use permethrin directly on skin.
• Stay and sleep in air-conditioned or screened rooms.
• Use a bed net if the area where you are sleeping is exposed to the outdoors.

What type of insect repellent should I use?

• FOR PROTECTION AGAINST TICKS AND MOSQUITOES: Use a repellent that contains 20% or more DEET for protection that lasts up to several hours.
• Picaridin (also known as KBR 3023, Bayrepel, and icaridin)
• Oil of lemon eucalyptus (OLE) or para-menthane-diol (PMD)
• 2-undecanone
• Always use insect repellent as directed.

What should I do if I am bitten by bugs?

• Avoid scratching bug bites, and apply hydrocortisone cream or calamine lotion to reduce the itching.
• Check your entire body for ticks after outdoor activity. Be sure to remove ticks properly.

What can I do to avoid bed bugs?

Although bed bugs do not carry disease, they are an annoyance. See our information page about avoiding bug bites for some easy tips to avoid them. For more information on bed bugs, see Bed Bugs .

For more detailed information on avoiding bug bites, see Avoid Bug Bites .

Stay safe outdoors

If your travel plans in North Macedonia include outdoor activities, take these steps to stay safe and healthy during your trip.

• Stay alert to changing weather conditions and adjust your plans if conditions become unsafe.
• Prepare for activities by wearing the right clothes and packing protective items, such as bug spray, sunscreen, and a basic first aid kit.
• Consider learning basic first aid and CPR before travel. Bring a travel health kit with items appropriate for your activities.
• If you are outside for many hours in heat, eat salty snacks and drink water to stay hydrated and replace salt lost through sweating.
• Protect yourself from UV radiation : use sunscreen with an SPF of at least 15, wear protective clothing, and seek shade during the hottest time of day (10 a.m.–4 p.m.).
• Be especially careful during summer months and at high elevation. Because sunlight reflects off snow, sand, and water, sun exposure may be increased during activities like skiing, swimming, and sailing.
• Very cold temperatures can be dangerous. Dress in layers and cover heads, hands, and feet properly if you are visiting a cold location.

Stay safe around water

• Swim only in designated swimming areas. Obey lifeguards and warning flags on beaches.
• Practice safe boating—follow all boating safety laws, do not drink alcohol if driving a boat, and always wear a life jacket.
• Do not dive into shallow water.
• Do not swim in freshwater in developing areas or where sanitation is poor.
• Avoid swallowing water when swimming. Untreated water can carry germs that make you sick.
• To prevent infections, wear shoes on beaches where there may be animal waste.

Keep away from animals

Most animals avoid people, but they may attack if they feel threatened, are protecting their young or territory, or if they are injured or ill. Animal bites and scratches can lead to serious diseases such as rabies.

Follow these tips to protect yourself:

• Do not touch or feed any animals you do not know.
• Do not allow animals to lick open wounds, and do not get animal saliva in your eyes or mouth.
• Avoid rodents and their urine and feces.
• Traveling pets should be supervised closely and not allowed to come in contact with local animals.
• If you wake in a room with a bat, seek medical care immediately. Bat bites may be hard to see.

All animals can pose a threat, but be extra careful around dogs, bats, monkeys, sea animals such as jellyfish, and snakes. If you are bitten or scratched by an animal, immediately:

• Wash the wound with soap and clean water.
• Go to a doctor right away.
• Tell your doctor about your injury when you get back to the United States.

Consider buying medical evacuation insurance. Rabies is a deadly disease that must be treated quickly, and treatment may not be available in some countries.

Reduce your exposure to germs

Follow these tips to avoid getting sick or spreading illness to others while traveling:

• Wash your hands often, especially before eating.
• If soap and water aren’t available, clean hands with hand sanitizer (containing at least 60% alcohol).
• Don’t touch your eyes, nose, or mouth. If you need to touch your face, make sure your hands are clean.
• Cover your mouth and nose with a tissue or your sleeve (not your hands) when coughing or sneezing.
• Try to avoid contact with people who are sick.
• If you are sick, stay home or in your hotel room, unless you need medical care.

Avoid sharing body fluids

Diseases can be spread through body fluids, such as saliva, blood, vomit, and semen.

Protect yourself:

• Use latex condoms correctly.
• Do not inject drugs.
• Limit alcohol consumption. People take more risks when intoxicated.
• Do not share needles or any devices that can break the skin. That includes needles for tattoos, piercings, and acupuncture.
• If you receive medical or dental care, make sure the equipment is disinfected or sanitized.

Know how to get medical care while traveling

Plan for how you will get health care during your trip, should the need arise:

• Carry a list of local doctors and hospitals at your destination.
• Review your health insurance plan to determine what medical services it would cover during your trip. Consider purchasing travel health and medical evacuation insurance.
• Carry a card that identifies, in the local language, your blood type, chronic conditions or serious allergies, and the generic names of any medications you take.
• Some prescription drugs may be illegal in other countries. Call North Macedonia’s embassy to verify that all of your prescription(s) are legal to bring with you.
• Bring all the medicines (including over-the-counter medicines) you think you might need during your trip, including extra in case of travel delays. Ask your doctor to help you get prescriptions filled early if you need to.

Many foreign hospitals and clinics are accredited by the Joint Commission International. A list of accredited facilities is available at their website ( www.jointcommissioninternational.org ).

In some countries, medicine (prescription and over-the-counter) may be substandard or counterfeit. Bring the medicines you will need from the United States to avoid having to buy them at your destination.

Select safe transportation

Motor vehicle crashes are the #1 killer of healthy US citizens in foreign countries.

In many places cars, buses, large trucks, rickshaws, bikes, people on foot, and even animals share the same lanes of traffic, increasing the risk for crashes.

Be smart when you are traveling on foot.

• Use sidewalks and marked crosswalks.
• Pay attention to the traffic around you, especially in crowded areas.
• Remember, people on foot do not always have the right of way in other countries.

Riding/Driving

Choose a safe vehicle.

• Choose official taxis or public transportation, such as trains and buses.
• Ride only in cars that have seatbelts.
• Avoid overcrowded, overloaded, top-heavy buses and minivans.
• Avoid riding on motorcycles or motorbikes, especially motorbike taxis. (Many crashes are caused by inexperienced motorbike drivers.)
• Choose newer vehicles—they may have more safety features, such as airbags, and be more reliable.
• Choose larger vehicles, which may provide more protection in crashes.

Think about the driver.

• Do not drive after drinking alcohol or ride with someone who has been drinking.
• Consider hiring a licensed, trained driver familiar with the area.
• Arrange payment before departing.

Follow basic safety tips.

• Wear a seatbelt at all times.
• Sit in the back seat of cars and taxis.
• When on motorbikes or bicycles, always wear a helmet. (Bring a helmet from home, if needed.)
• Avoid driving at night; street lighting in certain parts of North Macedonia may be poor.
• Do not use a cell phone or text while driving (illegal in many countries).
• Travel during daylight hours only, especially in rural areas.
• If you choose to drive a vehicle in North Macedonia, learn the local traffic laws and have the proper paperwork.
• Get any driving permits and insurance you may need. Get an International Driving Permit (IDP). Carry the IDP and a US-issued driver's license at all times.
• Check with your auto insurance policy's international coverage, and get more coverage if needed. Make sure you have liability insurance.
• Avoid using local, unscheduled aircraft.
• If possible, fly on larger planes (more than 30 seats); larger airplanes are more likely to have regular safety inspections.
• Try to schedule flights during daylight hours and in good weather.

Medical Evacuation Insurance

If you are seriously injured, emergency care may not be available or may not meet US standards. Trauma care centers are uncommon outside urban areas. Having medical evacuation insurance can be helpful for these reasons.

Helpful Resources

Road Safety Overseas (Information from the US Department of State): Includes tips on driving in other countries, International Driving Permits, auto insurance, and other resources.

The Association for International Road Travel has country-specific Road Travel Reports available for most countries for a minimal fee.

Maintain personal security

Use the same common sense traveling overseas that you would at home, and always stay alert and aware of your surroundings.

Before you leave

• Research your destination(s), including local laws, customs, and culture.
• Monitor travel advisories and alerts and read travel tips from the US Department of State.
• Enroll in the Smart Traveler Enrollment Program (STEP) .
• Leave a copy of your itinerary, contact information, credit cards, and passport with someone at home.
• Pack as light as possible, and leave at home any item you could not replace.

While at your destination(s)

• Carry contact information for the nearest US embassy or consulate .
• Carry a photocopy of your passport and entry stamp; leave the actual passport securely in your hotel.
• Follow all local laws and social customs.
• Do not wear expensive clothing or jewelry.
• Always keep hotel doors locked, and store valuables in secure areas.
• If possible, choose hotel rooms between the 2nd and 6th floors.

Healthy Travel Packing List

Use the Healthy Travel Packing List for North Macedonia for a list of health-related items to consider packing for your trip. Talk to your doctor about which items are most important for you.

Why does CDC recommend packing these health-related items?

It’s best to be prepared to prevent and treat common illnesses and injuries. Some supplies and medicines may be difficult to find at your destination, may have different names, or may have different ingredients than what you normally use.

If you are not feeling well after your trip, you may need to see a doctor. If you need help finding a travel medicine specialist, see Find a Clinic . Be sure to tell your doctor about your travel, including where you went and what you did on your trip. Also tell your doctor if you were bitten or scratched by an animal while traveling.

For more information on what to do if you are sick after your trip, see Getting Sick after Travel .

Map Disclaimer - The boundaries and names shown and the designations used on maps do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Approximate border lines for which there may not yet be full agreement are generally marked.

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• North Macedonia
• Travel advice

North Macedonia travel advice

Explore our complete guide to North Macedonia with the latest travel advice for travellers and holidaymakers including official updates and local travel tips for North Macedonia.

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• Travel health
• Covid live updates
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North Macedonia travel guide - essential info

Below is a beginner's guide to North Macedonia with essential travel facts such as dominant language spoken, typical flight time from the UK and the local currency. You can also check whether visas are required and what plug adapter you need to pack.

Why visit North Macedonia?

Considering a holiday to the North Macedonia? Here are some of the very good reasons it makes such a wonderful holiday destination be it for culture or nature to ensure you get the most out of your 2024/2025 escape.

North Macedonia tourist information

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North Macedonia weather

The North Macedonia weather guide shows long term monthly averages for Skopje .

North Macedonia destinations >>

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Check the latest travel advice on visiting North Macedonia from official government sources (in english) from around the world including entry requirements and travel restrictions.

• UK traveller advice for North Macedonia - UK FCDO
• Irish traveller advice for North Macedonia - Department of Foreign Affairs, Ireland
• Canadian travel advice for North Macedonia - Government of Canada
• US travel advisories for North Macedonia - US Department of State
• Safe travel advisories for North Macedonia - Ministry of Foreign Affairs, New Zealand
• Smarter traveller advice for North Macedonia - Department of Foreign Affairs, Australia

Learn more about the current safety and security risks from terrorism, natural disasters and more. Read about the local laws and customs to consider when travelling around North Macedonia.

Note : UK FCDO - UK Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office

FCDO travel advice

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North Macedonia travel health

Find out more about staying safe when travelling to North Macedonia with the latest guidance on required vaccinations and recommended medication to take with you.

• Vaccines & medicines for North Macedonia - CDC
• Health & vaccinations for North Macedonia - TravelHealthPro, NaTHNac
• How to stay safe & healthy in North Macedonia - Fit for Travel, Public Health Scotland

Check out the general travel tips for staying safe and healthy in North Macedonia, risks of preventable diseases and what to pack.

Note : CDC - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

North Macedonia covid live updates

Check the latest live updates on Covid-19 in North Macedonia with the vaccination requirements, current available statistics and up-to-date travel advice from government agencies.

• Coronavirus timeline in North Macedonia - Our World in Data

North Macedonia travel features

Do you want to learn more about North Macedonia? Read our latest features covering travel tips and insider destination guides on where to go and what to do in North Macedonia.

North Macedonia FAQs

Read our frequently asked questions about travelling to North Macedonia including the current entry restrictions, covid rules, driving side, electrical plugs used and much more.

Are there entry restrictions to North Macedonia due to Covid-19?

North Macedonia is open for tourism from the UK. There are no special entry requirements for North Macedonia.

Do I need to quarantine in the UK if I travel from North Macedonia?

You do not need to quarantine on arrival in the UK from North Macedonia. The UK no longer requires a passenger locator form, Covid-19 test or proof of vaccination.

What is the time difference between North Macedonia and the UK?

The time difference between North Macedonia and the UK is UK time+1 hour .

What is the main language spoken in North Macedonia?

The main languages spoken in North Macedonia are Macedonian and Albanian .

What is the currency in North Macedonia?

The currency in North Macedonia is the Macedonian Denar ( MKD ).

Which plugs are used in North Macedonia?

North Macedonia uses electrical plug type C + F (230 Volts) .

Which side of the road do they drive on in North Macedonia?

They drive on the right side of the road in North Macedonia. Find out more about driving in North Macedonia with RAC * and International Drivers Association * .

Transport options for North Macedonia

Travel advice by country

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Travel Vaccines and Advice for North Macedonia

North Macedonia is a landlocked country located on the shaft of the Balkan peninsula. This young country borders Kosovo, Serbia, Bulgaria, Greece, and Albania.

Tourists are drawn to North Macedonia for many reasons. This includes the country’s many ancient religious constructions. Entertainment is integral to the culture of North Macedonia. It’s film making history dates back 100 years and art even longer.

On This Page: Do I Need Vaccines for North Macedonia? Other Ways to Stay Healthy in North Macedonia Do I Need a Visa or Passport for North Macedonia? What Is the Climate Like in North Macedonia? How Safe Is North Macedonia? Ohrid Boardwalk What Should I Take to North Macedonia? U.S. Embassy in North Macedonia

Do I Need Vaccines for North Macedonia?

Yes, some vaccines are recommended or required for North Macedonia. The CDC and WHO recommend the following vaccinations for North Macedonia: hepatitis A , polio , rabies , hepatitis B , influenza , COVID-19 , pneumonia , meningitis , chickenpox , shingles , Tdap (tetanus, diphtheria and pertussis) and measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) .

See the bullets below to learn more about some of these key immunizations:

• Hepatitis A – Food & Water – Recommended for most travelers.
• Polio – Food & Water – Due to an increase in cases globally, an additional adult booster is recommended for most travelers to any destination.
• Rabies – Saliva of Infected Animals – High risk country. Vaccine recommended for long-term travelers and those who may come in contact with animals.
• Hepatitis B – Blood & Body Fluids – Recommended for travelers to most regions.
• Influenza – Airborne – Vaccine components change annually.
• COVID-19 – Airborne – Recommended for travel to all regions, both foreign and domestic.
• Pneumonia – Airborne – Two vaccines given separately. All 65+ or immunocompromised should receive both.
• Meningitis – Direct Contact & Airborne – Given to anyone unvaccinated or at an increased risk, especially students.
• Chickenpox – Direct Contact & Airborne – Given to those unvaccinated that did not have chickenpox.
• Shingles – Direct Contact – Vaccine can still be given if you have had shingles.
• Polio – Food & Water – Considered a routine vaccination for most travel itineraries. Single adult booster recommended.
• TDAP (Tetanus, Diphtheria & Pertussis) – Wounds & Airborne – Only one adult booster of pertussis required.
• Measles Mumps Rubella (MMR) – Various Vectors – Given to anyone unvaccinated and/or born after 1957. One time adult booster recommended.

See the table below for more information:

Specific Vaccine Information

• Hepatitis A – Hepatitis A, a liver infection caused by a contagious virus, can have severe symptoms. To prevent its spread, vaccination with the hepatitis A vaccine is essential, along with maintaining hygiene practices. This vaccine effectively protects against infection.
• Rabies – Rabies is a deadly viral disease that affects mammals and spreads through the saliva of infected animals, primarily through bites or scratches. Preventing rabies involves vaccinating pets, avoiding contact with wild animals, and seeking immediate medical attention if exposed. The rabies vaccine is a crucial preventive measure that stimulates the immune system to produce antibodies against the virus.
• Hepatitis B – Hepatitis B is a serious liver infection caused by the hepatitis B virus, transmitted through blood, sexual contact, or from mother to child during birth. It can become chronic, leading to liver failure or cancer. The hepatitis B vaccine, given as a series of injections, effectively prevents this infection.
• Measles, Mumps, Rubella (MMR) – Measles, mumps, and rubella are infectious diseases that can lead to severe health issues. They are transmitted through respiratory droplets and close contact. The MMR vaccine, a safe and effective immunization, is recommended by the CDC as the best way to prevent these diseases.

See our vaccinations page to learn more about these infections and vaccines. Ready to protect yourself? Book your travel health appointment today by calling or schedule online now .

Other Ways to Stay Healthy in North Macedonia

Prevent bug bites in north macedonia.

To fend off bug bites, follow CDC advice: cover up with long clothing, use repellents containing DEET or picaridin, and avoid bug-heavy areas during dawn and dusk. Protect your sleep with insect-repellent-treated bed nets.

Food and Water Safety in North Macedonia

Abroad, make wise food choices by familiarizing yourself with local cuisine and favoring established restaurants. Frequent hand-washing is crucial, and it’s advisable to steer clear of street food, opting for thoroughly cooked options. A travelers’ diarrhea kit is recommended for travel to all regions throughout the world.

Altitude Sickness in North Macedonia

At high altitudes, altitude sickness can strike, causing symptoms like headaches and nausea due to oxygen deprivation. Preventive measures include gradual ascent, hydration, and medication like acetazolamide. If symptoms develop, swift descent to lower altitudes, rest, and medical evaluation if necessary are crucial for recovery and safety.

Infections To Be Aware of in North Macedonia

• Leishmaniasis – Leishmaniasis, a parasitic disease carried by sand flies, poses a substantial health risk. Effective prevention includes protective measures like using insect repellents, wearing long clothing, and avoiding outdoor activities during sand fly peak hours.

Do I Need a Visa or Passport for North Macedonia?

A visa is not needed for stays under 90 days. Your passport must have at least six months validity.

Sources: Embassy of North Macedonia and U.S. State Department

All foreign citizens must register with local police within 48 hours of arrival. If you are staying in a hotel while in North Macedonia, the hotel will register you upon check-in.

What Is the Climate Like in North Macedonia?

North Macedonia has a continental climate with warm dry summers and cool winters. The large mountain ranges that inhabit North Macedonia and the surrounding areas keep the temperatures cool.

The summer months in North Macedonia are in the 70’s. The winter months are generally in the 30’s.

You should expect a fair amount of rain during the months of April and May and snow during the months of November and December. Heavy thunderstorms are also common and likely during the warmest of summer days. However, you should be prepared for precipitation no matter what time of the year you travel here. It can and does rain and/or snow during every month of the year in North Macedonia.

How Safe Is North Macedonia?

North Macedonia is generally a safe place for travelers. To stay safe, follow these tips:

• Learn about the local customs, culture, and politics before your trip.
• Keep your passport and important documents safe. Make copies or store digital versions.
• Watch local news and weather updates.
• Get travel insurance and check with your doctor for vaccinations and medications.
• Be careful with money. Use ATMs in safe areas and watch out for pickpockets in crowded places.
• Dress modestly, especially when visiting religious sites.
• Share your travel plans with friends or family. Keep a working phone with you.
• Use registered taxis or well-known ride-sharing services. Be careful on public transportation.
• Follow the laws of North Macedonia and avoid illegal activities.
• Know the local emergency phone numbers. The general emergency number is 112, and the police number is 192.

By following these tips, you can have a safe and fun trip to North Macedonia.

Ohrid Boardwalk

Avoid an embarrassing stop, over 70% of travelers will have diarrhea., get protected with passport health’s travelers’ diarrhea kit .

Ohrid is a town in North Macedonia that many tourists visit. It’s known for being on a beautiful lake and having lots of old churches and monasteries. These places are very old and special, and were declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Visitors can also enjoy outdoor activities like hiking and biking, or go to cultural events like the Ohrid Summer Festival. The town has a lot of delicious food to try, too, like Turlitava, Trpeza, and Pindzur.

The lake is pretty and clear, and you can take a boat tour, swim or sunbathe on the beaches, or go fishing. If you like nature, you can visit Galicica National Park, which is nearby. Ohrid is a nice and relaxing place that has a little bit of everything for tourists to enjoy.

What Should I Take to North Macedonia?

When packing for North Macedonia, think about the season, how long you’ll stay, and what you’ll do. Here’s a list of things to bring:

• Light clothes for hot days (shorts, t-shirts)
• Warm clothes for cold days (sweaters, long-sleeve shirts)
• A waterproof jacket for rain and cool nights
• Comfy shoes for walking
• Socks, underwear, and sleepwear
• Swimsuit for swimming
• Hat, sunglasses, and sunscreen to protect from the sun
• Scarf or shawl for girls, especially at religious places

Personal stuff:

• Passport, visa, and travel insurance
• Medicine and first-aid kit
• Toothbrush, toothpaste, and deodorant

Electronics:

• Phone, charger, and extra battery
• Plug adapter for North Macedonia
• Camera and headphones

Travel papers:

• Itinerary, hotel info, and tour tickets
• Guidebook, map, and language book
• Emergency contact info

Extra things:

• Reusable water bottle
• Snacks and travel pillow
• Small bag for daily trips
• Money belt or hidden pouch

Check the weather before you go, and change this list based on your needs.

U.S. Embassy in North Macedonia

All Americans visiting North Macedonia should register online with the U.S. Department of State before departure. This will inform the office of your travel plans within the country and will allow them to reach out in the case of an emergency or evacuation.

Once in North Macedonia, the information for the U.S. Embassy is:

U.S. Embassy Skopje Str. “Samoilova” Nr.21 1000 Skopje Republic of North Macedonia Phone: +389 2 310-2000

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Wander-Lush

Visit Macedonia: The Ultimate North Macedonia Travel Guide

• Europe / The Balkans

We watched the people and old carriages go past, we gazed at the colours of the great bazaar and the eternal flow of the river. But no matter where we stood, it was the large square that drew our attention. Here was where history most frequently stopped off or passed by. Here in this square the first occupying forces halted, liberators announced their victory, mighty workers paraded, and important rallies were held. Luan Starova, The Time of the Goats

The Country Formerly Known As

The Republic of North Macedonia, formerly known as the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, was tussling for autonomy long before the Balkan Peninsula got carved up into its latest iteration. The history of this tiny nation reaches all the way back to the time of Alexander the Great. Perhaps it’s there you can find the roots of the fiery Macedonian spirit that has bore this country through hard times, from city-shattering earthquakes to political turmoil.

Built on the fault lines of a fragile independence, North Macedonia celebrates its cultural identity and religion with a special kind of ferocity. Still, after spending a couple of weeks in the country, I think I came away with more questions than answers.

It’s worth visiting just to experience Skopje , the kookiest capital in Europe. Split by the Vardar River, one side of the city is a highly stylised outdoor museum of statues, colonnades, manicured gardens and squares. The other bank is the total opposite – a maze of bowed streets and shadowy shops that make up the Skopje Old Bazaar (the second-largest in the region after Istanbul). The Ottoman influence is everywhere, from the food to the hamams that have been turned into contemporary art spaces. Just outside Skopje, the painted mosque in Tetovo is the most beautiful in all of the Balkans.

In the centre of the country, North Macedonia’s jewel, Lake Ohrid , sparkles. Cruise to the St. Naum Monastery near the border with Albania or hire a bicycle and circumnavigate the entire lake in a day, passing through the two border crossings. Soak up the green glory of Mavrovo National Park and Matka Canyon , a popular day trip from the capital, or hike Baba Mountain in the south. Navigate the steep streets of my favourite town in North Macedonia, Krusevo , and in Bitola , see the Roman amphitheatre and incredible mosaics at the Heraclea Lyncestis archaeological complex.

Save room for North Macedonia’s wine scene . Stobi, Tikves and Popova Kula are the country’s most prominent wineries and must-visits for fans of vino.

North Macedonia travel essentials

Please note: Some of these links are affiliate links, meaning I may earn a commission if you make a purchase by clicking a link (at no extra cost to you). Learn more .

Late April/May (spring, flowers and cooler temps); August-September (fall wine season); winter for skiing.

How long in Macedonia?

Allow 1 full day for Skopje; 5-7 days for the highlights; 10-14 days to see (almost) everything.

Daily budget

Approx. 50 USD per person per day (mid-range hotel; restaurant meals; bus fares; museum tickets).

Getting there

Fly into Skopje; train from Belgrade; taxi from Greece; drive/bus from other neighbouring countries.

Macedonia visa

Visa-free for most passports (stay up to 90 days).

Getting around

Hire a car; use intercity buses/minibuses or trains.

Where to stay

Hostels, family-run guesthouses or hotels.

Tours & experiences

Old bazaars, painted mosques and boat tours on the lake.

Explore North Macedonia

Discover all the best things to do in North Macedonia with my latest travel guides.

Where to Go on a Balkan Road Trip: 20 Epic Self-Drive Itineraries

25 Offbeat & Alternative European City Breaks

Tetovo Painted Mosque: Full Guide to the Best Skopje Day Trip

Lakes, Spomeniks & Old Bazaars: The Perfect North Macedonia Itinerary (7-10 Days)

21 Things to Do in Skopje: A Curated Guide to Europe’s Quirkiest Capital City

12 Things to Do in Bitola, North Macedonia’s City of Consuls

My north macedonia favourites, best hiking.

Trail to Bogdevo in Mavrovo National Park.

Must-eat meal

Tavče Gravče (beans in a clay pot) with Chateau Sopot.

local experience

Meeting the craftspeople inside Skopje Old Bazaar.

best souvenir

A pair of handmade leather Opanki folk shoes.

Introducing North Macedonia

• About North Macedonia
• Images of North Macedonia
• History, language & culture
• Weather & geography
• Doing business & staying in touch

Plan your trip

• Travel to North Macedonia
• Where to stay

While you’re there

• Things to see & do
• Shopping & nightlife
• Food & drink
• Getting around

Before you go

• Passport & visa
• Public Holidays
• Money & duty free

Book your flights

North Macedonia (FYR Macedonia) travel guide

About north macedonia (fyr macedonia).

The Republic of North Macedonia, formerly known as the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia (sometimes abbreviated as FYROM and FYR Macedonia), is underrated and under-explored. A mountainous nation at the heart of the Balkans, it’s sprinkled with picturesque valleys and shimmering lakes, offering outdoor appeal in spades. Yet that isn't its sole selling point – North Macedonia (FYR Macedonia) also has a bustling capital, a rich Hellenic heritage and an up-and-coming wine industry that appears on the cusp of international recognition.

For most visitors, the adventure begins in the capital Skopje. The cityscape is an incongruous jumble of buildings and gigantic neoclassical statuary. Monolithic socialist apartment blocks sit beside grandiloquent monuments, controversially added during an ambitious government scheme dubbed Skopje 2014. Old Ottoman and Byzantine edifices hark back to the nation's pre-communist history, while buzzing bars and clubs project its forward-looking aspirations.

Rural North Macedonia (FYR Macedonia) is far easier of the eye. Blessed with an extraordinary diversity of landscapes, the countryside is also home to serene lakeside towns such as Ohrid, which offers glorious relief from the sizzling Balkan summer. Visitors can while away lazy days on the dreamy lake’s edge, visit the region’s handsome, time-warp churches and enjoy languid evenings quaffing wine produced in the surrounding hills.

From Ohrid push on into the endless green pastures of the Šar Planina mountain range, where the tranquil glacier lakes mirror the surrounding peaks, or try trekking the mountainous Pelister National Park, a dead ringer for the Swiss Alps. Outdoor enthusiasts heading to the remote hinterlands are more likely to see wild goats than deluxe resorts, but the country’s rustic inns are welcoming and affordable. During winter, there are many opportunities for skiing and snowboarding, particularly in the Mavrovo region.

Like most countries in the region, North Macedonia (FYR Macedonia) has had its fair share of political and economic problems over the years. But shrug aside the stigma of the past and you’ll find a different Europe – one that’s fresh, crowd-free and, for the time being, incredibly affordable.

25,713 sq km (9,927.8 sq miles).

2,081,012 (UN estimate 2016).

81.5 per sq km.

President Gordana Siljanovska Davkova since 2024.

Prime Minister Hristijan Mickoski since June 2024.

Travel Advice

Before you travel.

No travel can be guaranteed safe. Read all the advice in this guide. You may also find it helpful to: 

• see  general advice for women travellers
• read our guide on disability and travel abroad
• see  general advice for LGBT+ travellers
• read about  safety for solo and independent travel
• see advice on volunteering and adventure travel abroad

Travel insurance

If you choose to travel, research your destinations and  get appropriate travel insurance . Insurance should cover your itinerary, planned activities and expenses in an emergency.

About FCDO travel advice

The Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office ( FCDO ) provides advice about risks of travel to help you make informed decisions. Find out  more about  FCDO  travel advice .

Follow and contact  FCDO  travel on  Twitter ,  Facebook  and  Instagram . You can also sign up to  get email notifications  when this advice is updated.

This information is for people travelling on a full ‘British citizen’ passport from the UK. It is based on the UK government’s understanding of the current rules for the most common types of travel. 

The authorities in North Macedonia set and enforce entry rules. If you’re not sure how these requirements apply to you, contact the Macedonian Embassy in the UK . 

COVID-19 rules

There are no COVID-19 testing or vaccination requirements for travellers entering North Macedonia.

Passport validity requirements

To enter North Macedonia, your passport must have an ‘expiry date’ at least 90 days after the date you arrive.

Check with your travel provider that your passport and other travel documents meet requirements. Renew your passport if you need to.  

You will be denied entry if you do not have a valid travel document or try to use a passport that has been reported lost or stolen. 

Visa requirements

You can visit North Macedonia for up to 3 months without a visa.

If you plan to stay for longer, contact the  Macedonian Embassy . 

Travelling with children

Before you travel, ask your airline if you need to complete any forms for children travelling:

• with only one parent
• with an adult who is not their legal guardian

If you are travelling through (transiting) other countries, check travel advice for those countries for additional requirements.

UK refugee travel documents

If you hold a UK refugee travel document, you must have a visa to travel to North Macedonia. You also need a visa to travel through North Macedonia on your way to Kosovo. You can apply for a visa from the  Macedonian Embassy in the UK .

Registering with the police

You must register with the local police in the town or city where you’re staying within 48 hours of your arrival in North Macedonia. If you’re staying in a hotel, staff will register you at check-in. 

Keep the registration document with you until you leave North Macedonia. If you have registered with the police directly, you must de-register 24 hours before you leave the country. You can register with the police online (in Macedonian).

If you do not register, you may face:

• detention and a court hearing
• a restriction on returning to North Macedonia

Travelling to Serbia

Serbia has sometimes denied entry to people leaving North Macedonia with passport stamps from Kosovo.

Vaccine requirements

For details about medical entry requirements and recommended vaccinations, see TravelHealthPro’s North Macedonia guide .

Customs rules

There are strict rules about goods you can take into or out of North Macedonia . You must declare anything that may be prohibited or subject to tax or duty.

Taking money into North Macedonia

Declare foreign currency if the value is 10,000 euros or more when you enter North Macedonia. If you do not, customs officers may detain you and seize the cash when you try to leave.

There is a high threat of terrorist attack globally affecting UK interests and British nationals, including from groups and individuals who view the UK and British nationals as targets. Stay aware of your surroundings at all times.

UK Counter Terrorism Policing has information and advice on  staying safe abroad  and what to do in the event of a terrorist attack. Find out  how to reduce your risk from terrorism while abroad .

Terrorism in North Macedonia

Terrorists are likely to try to carry out attacks in North Macedonia.

Attacks could be indiscriminate, including in places visited by foreigners. Terrorists may target religious sites, including churches.

The authorities in North Macedonia have carried out raids against suspected terrorists. There’s a risk of terrorist attacks inspired by extremist ideology in North Macedonia.

Political situation

Occasionally there are protests which can cause disruption. Check local media for the latest information, be vigilant and avoid large crowds and gatherings.

If there is civil disorder, stay indoors when possible, especially after dark, and avoid crowds and demonstrations.

Attacks against foreign nationals are extremely rare.

Organised crime groups are active, particularly in northern areas near the border with Kosovo.

There are occasional shooting incidents, including in Skopje, but they are not targeted at foreign nationals. People sometimes fire guns when celebrating.

Protecting your belongings

There have been several cases of pickpocketing by gangs of children and bag snatching in the main shopping and entertainment areas late at night. Foreign nationals appear to have been specifically targeted. Make sure your personal possessions are secure.

Keep your passport in a safe place and carry a copy of the photo page for identification. If it is lost or stolen, report it to the local police and  cancel your passport immediately .

Laws and cultural differences

Using cameras in secure areas.

It is illegal to take photographs of any military installation or site of government or strategic importance.

LGBT+ travellers

Same-sex sexual relationships are legal, but people in North Macedonia are not particularly open about them. LGBT+ bars and restaurants are not common. Read more  advice for LGBT+ travellers .

British banks do not exchange Macedonian denars, so exchange any unwanted denars before you leave. You should only change money through banks or official exchanges and not through street dealers. You will not be able to exchange Scottish or Northern Irish banknotes.

Transport risks

Road travel.

If you are planning to drive in North Macedonia, see information on driving abroad  and check the  rules of the road in the RAC’s North Macedonia guide . The guide lists driving regulations and other legal requirements you need to be aware of. You can get fines for:

• not using side lights or dipped headlights, including during the day
• using a mobile phone while driving
• not wearing a seatbelt, as both a driver and a passenger
• not having all the required safety equipment, including snow chains where conditions require them

You can use a UK photocard driving licence to drive in North Macedonia. Unless you’re driving a rental car or have a residence permit, you’ll also need to have the 1968 version of the international driving permit ( IDP ) . You cannot buy an IDP outside the UK, so get one before you travel.  

Hire car companies often have stricter requirements for their customers, such as at least 2 years of driving experience and a higher minimum age.   

If you have an accident, do not move your vehicle until the police record the incident and allow you to move. In case of emergency, contact:

• police: 192
• ambulance: 194
• roadside assistance: 196

Drink-driving is a serious offence in North Macedonia. If you are tested and found to have 50 milligrams of alcohol per 100 millilitres of blood (England’s limit is 80mg per 100ml), you may get a heavy fine and possible imprisonment. If you’re a professional driver (for example, an HGV driver), any alcohol in your system can lead to arrest and a heavy fine.  

When travelling on major roads, you can pay the toll in Macedonian denars or in euros with cash or a credit card.

Driving standards

Driving standards and road conditions vary widely. Driving styles differ significantly from those in UK. Accidents are common. Always take care while driving or on foot.

Driving a British car in North Macedonia   

If you are taking your own car, you must have:

• vehicle registration
• ownership documents
• valid insurance to drive in North Macedonia

Check your insurance covers you to drive in North Macedonia and you are able to show proof to border officials. A green card might be helpful to demonstrate you have the correct cover.

Check if you need a UK sticker to drive your car outside the UK .

Delays for lorries at borders

Lorries crossing the North Macedonia border may be subject to long delays. Make sure you have the proper customs documentation before you arrive at the border.

From November to February there can be thick fog in Skopje and surrounding areas. There can be flight delays and diversions if fog affects visibility at Skopje airport.

You can find flight information on the  Skopje International Airport  website.

Extreme weather and natural disasters

Find out what you can do to prepare for and respond to extreme weather and natural hazards . 

Wildfires are possible in North Macedonia from April to October due to the dry and hot weather.  Wildfires are highly dangerous and unpredictable. You should:

• take care when visiting or driving through countryside
• make sure cigarette ends are properly extinguished
• not light fires or barbecues except in designated and marked areas
• not leave any rubbish

If you see a wildfire, call the emergency services on 112. Follow any advice from the police or local authorities.

Earthquakes

Earthquakes occur occasionally. The US Federal Emergency Management Agency website has advice about what to do before, during and after an earthquake .

Before you travel check that:

• your destination can provide the healthcare you may need
• you have  appropriate travel insurance  for local treatment or unexpected medical evacuation

This is particularly important if you have a health condition or are pregnant.

Emergency medical number

Dial 194 and ask for an ambulance.

Contact your insurance or medical assistance company quickly if you’re referred to a medical facility for treatment.

Vaccine recommendations and health risks

At least 8 weeks before your trip check:

• the latest information on vaccinations and health risks in  TravelHealthPro’s North Macedonia guide
• where to get vaccines and whether you have to pay on the  NHS travel vaccinations page

See what health risks you’ll face in North Macedonia , including: 

• West Nile virus and other mosquito-borne diseases
• air pollution

Altitude sickness is a risk in parts of North Macedonia. Read more about altitude sickness on TravelHealthPro . 

The legal status and regulation of some medicines prescribed or bought in the UK can be different in other countries.

Read  best practice when travelling with medicines on TravelHealthPro .

Healthcare in North Macedonia

There is a reciprocal healthcare agreement for British nationals, which entitles you to free emergency treatment in North Macedonia .

Make sure you have adequate insurance. You may need to pay before getting some treatment. Familiarise yourself with your travel insurance policy and what it covers.

FCDO has a list of medical providers in North Macedonia where some staff will speak English. 

Travel and mental health

Read  FCDO  guidance on travel and mental health . There is also  mental health guidance on TravelHealthPro .

The Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office ( FCDO ) cannot provide tailored advice for individual trips. Read this travel advice and carry out your own research before deciding whether to travel.

Emergency services in North Macedonia

Ambulance: 194

Police: 192

Roadside assistance: 196

Contact your travel provider and insurer

Contact your travel provider and your insurer if you are involved in a serious incident or emergency abroad. They will tell you if they can help and what you need to do.

Refunds and changes to travel

For refunds or changes to travel, contact your travel provider. You may also be able to make a claim through insurance. However, insurers usually require you to talk to your travel provider first.

Find out more about  changing or cancelling travel plans , including:

• where to get advice if you are in a dispute with a provider
• how to access previous versions of travel advice to support a claim

Support from  FCDO

FCDO  has guidance on staying safe and what to do if you need help or support abroad, including:

• finding English-speaking  lawyers ,  funeral directors  and  translators and interpreters  in North Macedonia
• dealing with a  death in North Macedonia
• being  arrested in North Macedonia
• getting help if you’re a  victim of crime
• what to do if you’re  in hospital
• if you’re  affected by a crisis , such as a terrorist attack

Contacting  FCDO

Follow and contact  FCDO  travel on  Twitter ,  Facebook  and  Instagram . You can also sign up to  get email notifications  when this travel advice is updated.

You can also  contact  FCDO  online .

Help abroad in an emergency

If you are in North Macedonia and you need emergency help from the UK government, contact the  British Embassy in Skopje .

FCDO  in London

You can call  FCDO  in London if you need urgent help because something has happened to a friend or relative abroad.

Telephone: 020 7008 5000 (24 hours)

Find out about call charges

Risk information for British companies

The Overseas Business Risk service offers information and advice for British companies operating in North Macedonia on how to manage political, economic, and business security-related risks.

Book a Hotel

© Columbus Travel Media Ltd. All rights reserved 2024

North Macedonia

Geographically and historically there is much more to North Macedonia if you veer off the tarred and hardened road, and you will only ever be rewarded for taking the bumpy side track.  Thammy Evans , author of North Macedonia: the Bradt Guide

Long buffeted by the struggles of the Balkan Peninsula, North Macedonia is emerging as one of the most entrancing corners of Europe. A captivating blend of the ancient and the brand new, the country’s crumbling mountain monasteries and rustic hostelries are as much a part of its charm as its excessive new monuments and nascent boutique vineyards.

Sip heady cocktails beside the crystal-clear waters of Lake Ohrid, immerse yourself in Skopje’s burgeoning café culture or discover the hidden hot springs dotted around the country, all of which make North Macedonia a traveller’s tale like no other and worth more than just a pit-stop on a trip to somewhere else.

Food and drink in North Macedonia

Macedonian cuisine combines simple, healthy, Mediterranean cooking with centuries of spicy Ottoman influence. It is a celebration of fresh, organic, small-scale produce, and its wine is traditionally made with no sulphites. Summer markets teem with good local fruit and vegetables, while the winter holds crisp pickles ( turšija ) and jars of tasty red pepper spreads. Restaurants are getting better at offering some of the delicious domašni (home-style) dishes, but outside the main towns simple restaurants might only serve grilled chicken breast or pork chops and a few basic side dishes. Like most of continental Europe, Macedonians have a tradition of going out to eat, and with their children. So you’ll find many places (fewer in Skopje) are very child friendly.

Macedonian meze (from the Turkish, and ultimately Persian maze ; also known as ordever , literally ‘hors d’oeuvre’) is the best-kept secret of Macedonian cuisine. Usually served at the start of a banquet, meze is so tasty and varied that it can make a whole meal on its own. The Macedonian meze are a variety of cold ‘creamed’ vegetable spreads, initially cooked till soft and then hand blended with herbs and spices, onions and garlic, and doused with not too much oil. The most common are ajvar , pindžur (roasted aubergine and peppers), tarator (yoghurt, cucumber, walnuts and garlic), kajmak (a type of clotted cream, often mixed with hot chillis and potatoes), egg and mushroom, and sweet grilled red peppers doused in garlic and oil (the latter usually only available in late summer). Eaten with pitta bread, sarma (stuffed vine leaves), local cured ham, Parmesan and a strong local drink like mastika or rakija , it is a real treat.

The most famous of these meze is ajvar,  made every autumn when red peppers are at their most abundant. The best, of course, is homemade ( domašni ). To be invited into a Macedonian home to make ajvar is quite a privilege (some say it is like being offered the possibility of citizenship), and will give you an idea of the meticulous preparation that must go into preparing this Macedonian speciality. 

The main fare of any Macedonian meal is either meat or freshwater fish. Lamb is the most expensive and therefore not often served in cheaper restaurants. It comes roasted either in the oven or on a spit, and served in a big chunk on your plate, usually without rosemary, never mind mint. Otherwise the staple meat dish for most Macedonians is skara:  plain grilled pork or chicken, usually salted and basted. Skara is so popular that you can buy it from street stalls by the kilo! Veal ( teleško meso) , beef, eel ( jagula) , stroganoff, thinly sliced garlic liver ( džigr) , schnitzel, fresh pork ribs ( svježe rebra ), pork chops ( kremenadle) and skewered kebabs ( ražnič ) are also prolific. Kebapči are an extremely popular form of skara,  a Balkan speciality of small sausage-shaped burger meat, well seasoned and very tasty with a beer and some good bread. Other popular traditional meat dishes are stuffed peppers, pork knee joint and selsko meso (village meat), which is a stew of different meats and sausages in an earthenware pot. Makedonsko meso is a variation of this with North Macedonia’s famous capsicum peppers.

Freshwater fish, either trout or carp ( krap in Macedonian), is abundant in North Macedonia. Ohrid is most famous for its letnica and belvica trout, and Dojran for its native carp. These particular fish varieties are peculiar to the lakes and cannot be found outside North Macedonia, and for this reason (among others) Ohrid is protected under UNESCO. Sadly, Ohrid trout, which has been caught in the past at over 20kg in weight, has been over-fished and this is not helped on the Albanian side of the border by lakeside boys selling trout by the bucketful. You may, therefore, want to think twice before partaking too often of this famous and increasingly rare Ohrid dish. It is now illegal to fish for Ohrid trout.

Fresh salads in North Macedonia, especially outside Skopje, are not very inventive. Your four main choices are a green salad (lettuce); a mixed salad (cucumber, tomato, grated cabbage and carrot); a Šopska salad (cucumber, tomato and grated white goat’s cheese); and Greek salad (cucumber, tomato, cubes of feta cheese and maybe some olives). Vinaigrettes and salad dressings are almost unheard of, so don’t expect a choice of thousand island dressing, blue cheese or ranch, or even salad cream. There is usually olive oil and vinegar served alongside and balsamic vinegar available in Skopje.

The art of breakfast is slowly coming to North Macedonia and traditionally consists of a strong coffee before work possibly with bread and cheese or jam, and at the weekends juvki or tarama (a cereal-based baked dish), then a break at around ten for a gevrek or kifla (sesame bread ring) and plain drinking yoghurt or ajran before settling down for a long lunch around 14.00. In Skopje, bakeries serving delicious pastries are becoming common, but outside the capital it is wise to make sure you have breakfast included in your hotel bill, or buy something in, as you’ll find few places on the streets that will serve you anything to eat. In Ohrid you can get sweet and savoury muffins, including proja (corn muffin with spinach) at Dva Biseri café from 08.00 in the morning. 

If you’re a vegetarian, travelling in North Macedonia need not be too difficult although you’ll probably have had enough of meze, turlitava, tavče gravče and pohovani kromid (breaded onions) by the end of your stay. If you’re a coeliac, then your time might be more difficult as rice dishes and chips are usually served everywhere. You might want to make sure you ask for everything bez leb in order to avoid the waste of ubiquitous bread.

The preferred drink in North Macedonia is coffee, either the strong Turkish variety which is a challenge to drink without sugar, served in espresso-size cups, or the usual cappucinos, machiattos and espressos. Turkish tea, served in small glasses, is popular in Albanian areas, and you’ll sometimes see servers on bicycles or rollerblades carrying trays of them through the streets to customers. Fruit tea is usually considered a drink for the sick, but don’t be deterred! North Macedonia has lots of fruit teas ( ovošen čaj ) and mint tea ( čaj od nane ), and their mountain tea ( planinski čaj ) is a refreshing drink served in all the mountain huts and many restaurants. Majčina dušica (mother’s little soul) tea is also a very popular tea of wild thyme. And beware the hot chocolate – it is often a filling warm chocolate mousse served in a cup! 

Salep , a drink made of ground wild orchid root and hot milk, is of Turkish origin and usually served with a sprinkling of ground cinnamon. You won’t find it everywhere, but it’s very tasty and warming on a cold winter’s day. Another Turkish drink plentiful in B vitamins and carbohydrates is boza , a thick tart drink made from slightly fermented wheat (4% alcohol content) whose origins go back to Mesopotamia and it came to North Macedonia with the Ottoman Empire. Available in ice-cream parlours and sweet shops, it is also good mixed with blueberry juice ( borovnica ).

Health and safety in North Macedonia

Make sure you get health insurance that is valid for North Macedonia before arrival, unless you are prepared to pay for any mishaps yourself. Macedonian doctors and hospitals expect to be paid in cash on the spot by foreigners seeking treatment, and once furnished with your receipt, appropriately translated, you can reclaim your money back from your insurer. Most travel agents abroad will be able to sort you out with the appropriate health insurance, and some give a good deal, combining health and travel insurance with insurance against theft.

It is usually a good idea to get any treatment that you need before you go travelling. Compared with some countries, medical treatment is cheaper in North Macedonia than in, say, the US, and standards can be as good as at home. Most doctors speak English. Nevertheless, it is always more comforting to get treatment at home.

Common illnesses can be treated in North Macedonia by the pharmacists in any local pharmacy ( apteka ). Many have English-speaking staff, and they can also advise you of the nearest family practitioner if you are in need of a doctor. If you need hospitalisation, this is best left till you get home, unless it is an emergency, in which case either call 194, or it may be quicker to get a taxi to take you to the nearest hospital ( bolnica ). In Skopje, City Hospital (Gradska Bolnica), the red-brick building on 11th Oktomvri opposite the parliament, deals with all emergencies requiring anaesthesia. The emergency outpatients’ entrance is around the back. There are several 24-hour pharmacies in big towns. In Skopje there is one on Dimitri Čupovski between McDonald’s and the traffic lights.

The security situation in North Macedonia has calmed down significantly since the end of the hostilities of 2001 and foreigners have never been a target. In fact, you are undoubtedly safer in North Macedonia than you are in most major Western cities, from both theft and terrorism.

To be on the safe side, avoid areas known to be unsafe and large public demonstrations which may get heated. The website of your embassy in North Macedonia will usually carry the most up-to-date information on the security situation, and the US embassy site also has comprehensive security and safety advice on their Consular Information Sheets at www.travel.state.gov . Many embassies advise their citizens to register at the embassy if they intend to stay in the country for any length of time, and to phone for the latest security advice on a particular area if they are going off the beaten track. 

Female travellers

Sexual harassment is not usually a problem in North Macedonia, and women here dress as skimpily as in the West. Macedonians think it is a bit strange, however, to travel on your own, especially as a woman; and keeping in mind the high level of trafficking in women which has gone on in North Macedonia in the past, you’d better have your wits about you if you travel alone as a woman in out-of-the-way places after dark. There are no obvious red-light districts in North Macedonia, as prostitution is illegal, but there are bars and hotels and parts of towns that service this trade.

As with anywhere in the rest of the world, if you are a single female driver and an unmarked police car indicates that you should pull over, you should turn on your hazard lights and drive slowly to a public area such as a petrol station before stopping. You could also phone the police on the number: 192 to check if the police car is genuine.

LGBTQ+ travellers

The gay and lesbian scene is very limited in North Macedonia and it would be considered most strange if not offensive for same-sex couples to walk hand in hand down the street, never mind kiss in public. Booking into a hotel would not be considered so strange unless you insisted on a ‘ francuski krevet ’ (double bed), as double rooms normally come with twin beds.

When being gay was decriminalised in 1996, the gay community in North Macedonia cautiously took steps to promote greater acceptance. That trend has ground to a halt over more recent years, however, and LGBT United Macedonia  is currently one of the only organisations in Skopje working on gay and lesbian issues. There are currently no venues openly welcoming gays and lesbians in North Macedonia, although private parties in some public venues do take place.

Travelling with children

Visitors to North Macedonia will quickly realise that the country is very accommodating towards children. Macedonian attitudes towards children are tolerant and relaxed and Macedonians themselves are exceptionally welcoming to families with children. Safety standards will not be up to US litigious culture, but costs are low, making a family holiday less of a shock to your wallet.

Travel and visas in North Macedonia

Nationals from neighbouring countries, Australia, Canada, the EU, Iceland, Israel, New Zealand, Norway, Switzerland and the US, among others, do not need visas at present for stays of less than 90 days within a six-month period starting from the day you first enter the country. Nationals of Japan, Montenegro and Turkey can enter visa-free for up to 60 days in a six-month period. For those who do require visas, these can be obtained through any Macedonian embassy abroad, a full list of which is maintained at mfa.gov.mk . For an up-to-date check on which nationals do require visas, visit macedonia.visahq.co.uk . Visa requirements tend to change with a change of government, so keep this in mind. Your passport will need to be valid for at least six months beyond the end of your visa. If you wish to change your status in the country from one of short business trip or holiday to one of temporary residence, this can only be done back in your home country through your country’s Macedonian embassy. The US Embassy in North Macedonia has a good webpage on the requirements of foreign stay in North Macedonia.

Getting there and away

Low-cost airlines serve Skopje throughout the year, though the volume of flights increases in summer. Most regional public transport users travel by the frequent and cheap buses to North Macedonia as the train is slow and decrepit. Aside from the car option, and if you are thinking of walking in, make sure you enter at a designated border crossing.

For daily flight times in and out of North Macedonia see www.airports.com.mk . At the time of writing, Wizzair is the only airline offering direct flights to Skopje from the UK (London Luton). Wizzair and Pegasus (via Istanbul) are the only budget operators flying to Skopje, the latter from London Stansted, as well as from Istanbul. A Wizzair flight from London can cost as little as £20 one-way (though the return portion is often significantly higher and, as with all so-called budget airlines, checked-in luggage brings the price of a ticket up steeply).

In the summer a few airlines also fly direct to Ohrid’s St Paul the Apostle Airport, including from London Luton, Vienna and Zurich.

Various other airlines which also operate flights to the UK fly direct to Skopje from continental Europe (for example Croatia Airlines from London via Zagreb, Swiss from London via Zurich, Alitalia via Rome). The alternative to expensive flights into Skopje is to look at neighbouring airports such as Priština, Sofia or Thessaloniki for cheap deals and then take the bus.

There are only three international trains to North Macedonia. The daily overnight service from and to Belgrade takes 9 hours, which is ludicrously slow and you would be much better taking the 4-hour bus service. The daily service from Priština leaves Skopje mid-afternoon and departs Priština early in the morning, and the 2½-hour journey spends 40 minutes at the border changing engines. The train is well used on the Kosovo side, but few use it on the 35-minute Macedonian passage. If you get stuck at Blace border on the way to Skopje, then it is only a 20-minute walk to the road crossing where you can pick up a taxi to Skopje for 900MKD. There’s also a daily service to Thessaloniki (Solun), which takes 4–5 hours from Skopje.

Due to the lack of cheap flights and frequent comfortable trains, North Macedonia is well served by international-standard coaches, especially to and from Germany and Switzerland. See www.balkanviator.com or  www.sas.com.mk for more-or-less complete bus listings. International coaches also serve other locations in North Macedonia, especially between Germany and the northwestern towns of Gostivar and Tetovo. Timetables and price information from some countries to Macedonian are available at  www.balkanaviator.com . At the time of writing North Macedonia had yet to put its international coach services on the Eurolines website. There is a left luggage service at Skopje Bus Station.

The easiest and most convenient way to get around North Macedonia is still by car (a 4×4 if you plan to go anywhere off the beaten track). But driving to North Macedonia from the further reaches of Europe, especially places like Britain and Finland, is an extremely long journey – at least three days.

If you do intend to drive from Britain, for instance, a recommended route would be to cross at Calais for a cheap, short ferry journey, drive along the roads of France, which are usually fairly empty although there are road tolls to pay (German roads are toll-free, but packed, and speed restrictions are becoming more widespread), cross the Alps at the Simplon Pass and head for Venice. From here take the overnight car ferry to Durres in Albania, or Igoumenitsa in Greece. Either journey from these ports to Skopje is arduous mountain driving (six hours from Durres via Ohrid, or ten hours via Bitola from Igoumenitsa), but the scenery is fantastic. The drive down through Italy, whilst making the ferry journey shorter, is packed with other drivers, often resulting in traffic jams in motorway scenery. For times and prices of ferries between Italy and the Balkans see www.cemar.it .

Getting around

Buses cover all main routes and are the preferred mode of transport for Macedonians because they’re frequent and cheap, despite the fact that they are not air conditioned and do sometimes break down. Few of them have on-board toilet facilities either, so you may have to wait for the toilet break along the road. For more on bus times and prices, check the following searchable link:  www.sas.com.mk/en/VozenRed.aspx.

There are fairly limited options available for travel by train and the number of services has decreased in recent years as most people prefer to use buses, which are faster and leave more regularly. The most important lines run from Skopje to Kičevo via Tetovo and Gostivar (but not Mavrovo and Debar), from Skopje to Bitola via a scenic route through Veles and Prilep, from Skopje to Kumanovo, and from Skopje to Gevgelija via Veles and Demir Kapija. Up-to-date timetables can usually be obtained at www.mzt.mk . Fares are very cheap; the maximum one could pay for a train ride anywhere in North Macedonia would still be under 500MKD for a Skopje–Bitola single ticket.

North Macedonia’s roads are currently undergoing a facelift and driving around the country is now a joy, and in fact highly recommended. If you love driving and yearn for the open road with uncluttered vistas and little in your way except for the odd turtle/tortoise or a few goats, then North Macedonia is the place to drive.

There are many places to hire clean, reliable, modern cars in Skopje and other big cities, as well as at the airport. Setkom in the Hotel Continental in Skopje rent out a Kia Rio for as little as €27 per day for a two-week period, making them the cheapest place in North Macedonia for car hire; 4×4 vehicles are also available. You’ll pay about 72MKD per litre for unleaded petrol in North Macedonia, and about 62MKD per litre for diesel.

All taxis now have a minimum fare of 40MKD (50MKD in Ohrid) with a 30MKD/km and 5MKD/minute tariff (40MKD/km and 5MKD/minute in Skopje). It is difficult to take even a short taxi ride in Skopje now for less than 100MKD. Outside Skopje, taxis are still a quick and cheap way to get around town and to places further afield. All official taxis should be metered and carry a taxi sign on the roof of the car. When phoning for a taxi from a mobile phone always add the local prefix before the four- or five-digit taxi number.

Most of the longer journeys outside of the main towns have a fixed price and drivers will often refer to a printed list provided by their company. Make sure you agree the price before taking a longer journey so that you run less risk of being overcharged. For instance, the posted price for a trip from Skopje Airport to the centre of town is 1,220MKD, but most drivers charge 1,500MKD. If you book with a taxi firm in advance they can send a taxi to the airport to bring you into the centre for only 900MKD. They will usually run the meter, then stop the car at the 900MKD point to turn off the meter and continue the journey unmetered.

If you are going to a remote part of town, there’s quite a high chance that the taxi driver taking you there will not know where it is, so you may wish to ask a  few drivers until you get one who knows, or make him (there are extremely few female taxi drivers) phone into his radio centre so that they can give him directions. Otherwise they may drive around for a while and charge you the extra time and fuel.

A good, clean and reliable taxi firm, based in Skopje, who can drive you or transport personal items (including pets) on your behalf anywhere in North Macedonia is Lotus Transport.

When to visit North Macedonia

Located so far south in Europe, North Macedonia is great to visit most of the year round. It is particularly welcoming during spring and autumn, outside the high tourist seasons and when the weather is at its most pleasant. It can be warm and sunny during the day from as early as March until as late as November, while skiing is usually available from December through to early April. July and August can be very hot, sometimes getting up to 40°C during the day in Skopje and along the Vardar Valley. This can be particularly unpleasant if taking lengthy journeys by public transport where there is no air conditioning and the local population fears getting ill from a breeze from an open window. The mountains remain pleasantly cool, however, and even Ohrid is relatively quiet midweek in the summer.

North Macedonia has a relatively dry Mediterranean climate with the full array of four seasons, although spring can be quite short, and each season is tempered by the altitude. In the Vardar Valley, Ovče Polje and the lower Pelagonia plains, temperatures are roasting hot in the summer and relatively mild in the winter. Skopjites tend to empty out of the capital during the hottest months of July and August, when temperatures can reach 40˚C. These summer highs are infrequently punctuated by summer storms, but they do occur, especially in the mountains. Favourite summer retreats to the cool and welcoming mountains are Mavrovo and Pelister national parks, Popova Šapka, Kriva Palanka, Berovo and Kruševo. Bitola, a mere 380m above Skopje, is usually a good 10–12°C lower in temperature year round than the city itself.

Although the winters are mild in the low areas along the River Vardar, rarely getting below freezing, there are occasionally freak winters, such as in 2001–02, which saw Skopje come to a standstill when snow and ice blocked the roads for weeks. The mountains, however, regularly see 1–2m of snow. This makes for decent skiing, limited only by the standard of facilities or a skier’s own abilities to go off-piste. Regions above 2,000m will see pockets of snow as early as August, and the peaks are certainly dusted with a light coat of snow by early November.

September and April may see longer spells of cloud and rain. In general though, the weather is warm and sunny from March through to November and perfect for outdoor sports. October to November is when the mountain trees turn colour before they shed their leaves and this is the time to take a drive or hike through the ravines of Mavrovo, the Radika, Treška, Babuna and Maleševo. Skopje can get caught in fog during this time, but 20 minutes outside of the capital usually reveals bright sunny weather.

What to see and do in North Macedonia

Brajčino offers beautiful views over both major and minor Prespa lakes © Ptahhotep, Wikimedia Commons

The traditional village of Brajčino, perched on the edge of Pelister National Park less than 5km from the border with Greece, can claim to be the first ecotourism initiative in North Macedonia. Pristine and picturesque, it has an idyllic location away from the hustle and bustle of city life, and is protected by the Baba massif, with a view on to Lake Prespa. It offers good access to the glacial lakes atop the range and from there to Pelister summit and the mountain huts. It is easily accessible by car, or by bus from Bitola (two daily) or Resen (several daily). It is also the starting point for the longer day or overnight hike to Hotel Molika via Pelister National Park.

Formerly a rich trading village, Brajčino still has a small population of mixed ages despite the emigration of many of the villagers in the middle of the 20th century to Canada and Scandinavia due to a lack of employment or in order to escape communist persecution. However, the departure of most of the business know-how from the village has left it in hard times, even more so since the break-up of Yugoslavia which has taken its toll on the village’s formerly prosperous apple trade. Previously, apples from the area would be sold as far away as Zagreb and Ljubljana, whereas new borders and taxes have all but eliminated the apple export. Today, the villagers, through the help of Swiss funding and the local non-governmental organisations of DEM (Ecological Movement of Macedonia) and BSPM (Bird Society Protection of Macedonia), are reviving the local economy by offering visitors access to their pristine lifestyle in return for keeping it so. Ten percent of the income of the guides, accommodation and the village shop is reinvested into preserving the local area.

About 3km before the road arrives at Brajčino, it weaves through Ljubojno, a larger village comprising a similar style of traditional stone houses, together with a few 19th- and 20th-century town houses on the central square. Clearly seen above the village are the two churches of Sv Petka and Sv Pavle, which vigilantly watch over Ljubojno.

This impressive Roman archaeological site lies on the southern outskirts of Bitola © ollirg, Shutterstock

Heraklea Linkestis

Founded by Philip II in the 4th century BC and an active centre of trade for another eight centuries afterwards, this once-significant town on what is now the southern outskirts of Bitola rivals Stobi as the most worthwhile Roman-era archaeological site in North Macedonia. Only a small part of the old town has been uncovered and excavated, so visits in future years should prove ever more fruitful, especially as historical records show that there are still a number of houses and tombs of the rich and famous at the time to be found. Several important relics and buildings have already been uncovered including the amphitheatre, baths, basilicas and some impressive mosaics, only some of which are on show in the summer. There is a small museum, a snack and drink shop, and a souvenir shop with books on the site in English available for sale. Most of the more important statues are on display in the town museum or in the National Museum in Skopje.

The site lies about 2.5km south of the town centre, a 25–30-minute walk depending on where you start. To get here, follow the pedestrianised Maršal Tito Street south across Partizanski and through Bitola Park until you reach a T-junction in front of a car park. Turn left here, then continue for 100m to another T-junction where you need to turn right on to Ivo Lola Ribar Street. Shortly after this, immediately past the Belcom supermarket, turn right on to the (indistinctly signposted) 500m feeder road that leads to the archaeological site. If you don’t feel like the walk, a taxi shouldn’t cost more than 100MKD.

Considerable archaeological work continues here every year, and for those who wish to take part, the Balkan Heritage School  has organised volunteer workshops here in recent years.

Midway between the start of the E871 (Highway 2) at Kumanovo and Kriva Palanka is the turn-off for Kratovo and Probištip, which joins Highway 2 to Highway 27. On this road, deep in the belly of an ancient and burnt-out volcanic crater, is the small village of Kratovo, a great base to explore this little-visited but fascinating region of North Macedonia.

In Roman times this mining town was known as Kratiskara, meaning ‘crater’, and variations of its name, Koriton and Koritos in Byzantine times, have centred around this meaning. The crater-like hollow of the village has demanded high-arched bridges to cross the river and ingenious architecture to scale the steep ravine. The difficulty of getting to Kratovo has also left the town relatively free of communist concrete. Six defensive towers hark back to the time of King Karpoš. At its commercial peak in the 19th century, Kratovo was reputedly the only town in North Macedonia to support distinct but harmonious Orthodox, Catholic, Muslim and Jewish communities, each of which had its own quarter – these are still recognised today, though boundaries have blurred in recent decades.

Ohrid boasts a memorable setting on a hilly peninsula lapped by a calm aquamarine lake © trabantos, Shutterstock

Ohrid is the jewel of the Macedonian crown. Both the lake and town of that name form part of the country’s only UNESCO World Heritage Site, which was inscribed as a mixed natural and cultural property in 1997 in recognition of its rare environmental and historical significance. And not without reason. The oldest continuously existing lake in Europe, Ohrid formed in a geotectonic depression around five million years ago, placing it in the same ranks of antiquity as lakes Baikal (Russia), Tanganyika (East Africa) and Titicaca (Peru/Bolivia). Extending over 358km², it is the deepest lake in the Balkans, with a maximum depth of 288m, and some scientists regard it as the world’s most biodiverse water body of comparable size, hosting more than 200 endemic species, most famously the heavily fished Ohrid trout ( Salmo letnica ).

The lake’s principal port town, also called Ohrid, sprawls picturesquely across the hilly northeastern shore. One of the oldest continuously occupied towns in Europe, with roots going back to Neolithic times, it’s renowned for the old churches and traditional architecture that characterise its atmospheric old town. The most important tourist focus on the lake, the town is serviced by a large and varied selection of hotels, restaurants and other amenities catering to domestic and foreign visitors alike. And although it can get very busy during July and August and over long weekends, the old town is much quieter and cheaper on weekdays and out of season.

Enclosed on all sides by pretty green mountains whose peaks are brushed white with snow in winter, Lake Ohrid is noted for its beaches and transparent clean blue water, which offer ideal swimming conditions in the warm Balkan summer, as well as some great diving and sailing opportunities. Points of interest include the little-visited but quaint port town of Struga on the northern shore, the historic Monastery of Sv Naum and associated lake springs near the Albanian border, the tiny cave churches at Kališta and Radožda, and tranquil lakeshore villages such as Trpejca, Peštani and Lagadin. Lake Ohrid is also the obvious base from which to make day trips by jeep, donkey or foot to the characterful old mountain villages of Oktisi and Vevčani, or to go caving, hiking and paragliding in the scenic Galičica National Park.

Monospitovo Wetlands

For an authentic off-the-beaten-track experience, make a stop at the Monospitovo Blato near Monospitovo village, itself an authentic rural village where time seems to have stood still. The Blato, as it’s affectionately known by its nearby residents, is a marsh, purported to be one of the last and biggest in North Macedonia. It lies sprawled at the base of Mount Belasica, 17km southeast of Strumica, and has been officially designated as an environmentally protected site, conferring upon it the status ‘monument of nature’.

Monospitovo Blato lies between Bansko and Kolešino in the municipality of Bosilovo. To get here take the road to Bansko and Murtino, and at Murtino turn east towards Monospitovo village; the entrance to the wetlands lies to the south of the village. In Bosilovo itself, a good place to eat is at Pizzeria Park, which is famous for its bosilanka deep-pan pizza, made with pork, or with chicken and vegetables, and served with a delicious tomato sauce on the side.

The capital of North Macedonia and main port of entry to the country, Skopje is an up-and-coming city whose population of 550,000 represents more than a quarter of the national total. It boasts a strategic location on the River Vardar and has been an important centre of regional trade for several millennia, as evidenced by the presence within the city limits of archaeological sites dating back to Neolithic, Roman and Ottoman times. The Vardar divides Skopje into a predominantly Muslim northern half and predominantly Orthodox Christian southern half. Most government offices, hotels and shopping malls can be found south of the river, along with the railway station and main intercity bus station.

A city of many cultures, Skopje is worth at least a couple of days’ exploration. The main attraction is the old Turkish quarter known as Čaršija, which lies to the north of the river below the imposing Kale Fortress, and houses a large daily bazaar, several Ottoman architectural landmarks, and a small but buzzing café and nightlife scene. The city also boasts a varied selection of museums, art galleries and archaeological sites, ranging from the recently opened Archaeological Museum of Macedonia and Holocaust Memorial Centre to the Roman-era ruins at Skupi and reconstructed Neolithic village of Tumba Madžari. Further afield, don’t miss out on the cable car up Mount Vodno, the rare Byzantine frescoes in the 12th-century Church of Sv Pantelejmon, and the spectacular lake set within the sheer cliffs of the Matka Canyon.

A visit to the lovely town of Tetovo offers the opportunity to take in some stunning mountain scenery © vesnickamarkoska, Flickr

Bisected by the Pena River some 40km west of Skopje, Tetovo is a substantial and lively university town with an estimated population of 70,000. The atmospheric old town, flanking the Pena, is lined with jewellery shops, old-fashioned tailors and boutiques selling modern and traditional clothes, and it also houses a museum and art gallery, and a number of historic mosques and churches, most famously the colourful 15th-century mosque known as Šarena Džamija. Other worthwhile historical sites in Tetovo include the well-tended complex of early 19th-century Islamic buildings known as Arabati Baba Bektaši Teke, and an impressive hilltop fort.

Tetovo is also the gateway to the Šar Mountains and to the popular Popova Šapka ski resort. Towering above the town, covered in snow until July and as early as September, is North Macedonia’s second highest mountain, Titov Vrv (Tito’s Summit, 2,748m). This is in fact the highest mountain that lies completely in North Macedonia; the higher peak of Mount Korab (2,764m) lies further to the south above Lake Mavrovo on the border with Albania.

Nestled close to Kosovo and Albania, Tetovo is the de facto capital of North Macedonia’s significantly sized Albanian minority. It is also the headquarters of the main Albanian-centred political parties, the Democratic Union of Integration and the Democratic Party of Albanians. Just outside Tetovo is the South East European University, North Macedonia’s third-largest university after Skopje and Bitola.

The rich Tikveš Plain is an area renowned throughout North Macedonia for its fabulous wine © Marjan Lazarevski, Flickr 

Wines of the Tikveš Plains

The entire course of the Vardar Valley from Veles all the way south to Thessaloniki is fertile grape-growing country, and within North Macedonia the Tikveš Plain around Negotino, Kavadarci and Demir Kapija produces some of the country’s best wines. There are more than 50 small private wineries in North Macedonia and the number is growing, as is the quality. A visit to one of the vineyards in September and October or around Sv Trifun Day in February is always well worth the time if you’d like to try out the season’s newest, or the best of last year’s stock.

Near Demir Kapija, the former boutique vineyard Popova Kula is well worth a visit or overnight stay at any time of year, and you might also want to pop into the historic Royal Winery Queen Maria. Kavadarci is home to the massive Tikveš Winery, while Negotino boasts nine vineyards in its vicinity. There are also vineyards further north around Skopje, and you’ll find the local wines of smaller vineyards served in plastic bottles and cardboard cartons at local petrol stations and stores.

Macedonian wines are unique in European for being made with very little, if any, additional sugar or sulphite preservatives. They are preserved, therefore, mostly by the grapes’ own natural sugars and it is for this reason that almost all Macedonian wines are dry rather than sweet, and why you won’t get such a big hangover the next day after drinking a bottle of T’ga za Jug (Longing for the South) or Alexandria.

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