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Tourism development policies in Kenya
1992, Annals of Tourism Research
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Annals of Tourism Research
Peter Dieke
Recent studies show that tourism in developing countries, like many in Africa can help with economic development because barriers to entry into the international market are lower than for most external trade sectors (Christie 1). Tourism expenditures can provide a significant stimulus to other production and service sectors, and it has the ability to alleviate poverty, preserve and honor cultural heritage, help protect the environment, and international tourism is a relatively high growth industry (Christie 1). Countries like Kenya are in a position to reap the benefits of economic development through international tourism because people are interested in experiencing the ancient Maasai culture, going on a safari to see the “big five” and experiencing what extreme poverty looks like. This draw to tourist can be beneficial to Kenya because it has the ability to boost their GDP, create jobs amongst many different sectors, and help with environmental protection.
Tourism Planning & Development
Fuchaka Waswa
martin odote
Rayviscic Mutinda
Cavagnaro, E., Staffieri, S and Ngesa, F. (2015). Looking from a local lens: Inbound tour operators and sustainable tourism in Kenya, Research in Hospitality Management, 5(2) pp.135-145
Elena Cavagnaro
Few empirical studies on sustainable tourism take into account the perspective of developing countries’ actors. This is even the case in debates about the need to adapt sustainability’s definitions to the context of developing countries. The present study aims at giving a voice to developing countries’ actors by describing how inbound tour operators (ITOs) in Kenya conceive sustainable tourism and their role in promoting it. ITOs were reached through the two official Kenyan category associations for tour operators and through Ecotourism Kenya. Both a survey and in-depth interviews were used to gather data. Results suggest that Kenyan ITOs are familiar with the current definition of sustainability as being constituted of an economic, a social and an environmental dimension. Contrary to expectations, respondents weight their responsibility towards the natural environment at least as highly as their social responsibility. In the end, it is the business long-term survival that dictates this choice: respondents are aware that tourists expect to find in Kenya a flourishing natural environment. Kenyan ITOs are on the whole keenly aware of their role in promoting sustainability to tourist, staff and the community. They experience as a major challenge the lack of institutional pressure from the government. Though this is a common complaint of organisations in developing countries, it is interesting in a Kenyan context where the Government has deployed several policy initiatives on sustainable tourism. A major limitation of this study is the limited sample. Only category associations’ members were sampled, leaving ITOs that operate in the informal economy unheard.
Kent akademisi
Elif GÜNDÜZ
International Journal of Academics & Research, IJARKE Journals
Domestic tourism has proven to be an important driver of tourism industry globally. In Kenya, tourism industry is a critical economic pillar. Empirical evidence reveals that domestic tourism accounts for a huge amount of travel and tourism spending. Globally, domestic tourism has equally generated many employment opportunities and contributed to the overall economic growth. While seasonality is a common phenomenon in the travel industry, domestic tourism has been a useful tool to ameliorate the negative impacts of seasonality. The recent global health pandemic (Covid-19) has greatly affected international tourism – a market that many tourism destinations (such as Kenya) depend on. At the height of Covid -19, followed the ban on international flights to Kenya, the country saw a sharp drop in international arrivals (from 1.5 million 2019 to 0.4 million at the end of 2020). This paper seeks to put into perspective the role of domestic tourism amid such crises, in sustaining tourism related businesses in Kenya. A desktop review was adopted to establish how domestic tourism has and is supporting the tourism sector. The review questions included the following: (i) what is the potential of domestic tourism in Kenya. (ii) What are the current trends of domestic tourism in Kenya, (iii) what are the constraints limiting the uptake of tourism in Kenya? Findings of the review revealed that domestic tourism is an important niche market that has played a critical role during Covid-19 pandemic and should never be underestimated. Among the constraints identified were lack of awareness, and price related constraints. Some of the popular trends in domestic tourism in Kenya includes; increase in day trips/excursions, seaside resort tourism, and visit to game parks/reserves and sightseeing. These findings are key in guiding tourism policy development and implementations to focus on domestic tourism.
Papius Gachau
Joseph K Muriithi
For a long time, Kenya has been known as a leading destination for nature-based tourism. Since the 1990s when sustainable tourism ideals were placed high on the tourism agenda, Kenya has been quite at ease converting to the global popular paradigm of achieving sustainable development through tourism. Many aspects of the country’s safari tourism were quite similar to the then new small-scale tourism proposals governing the new trend towards global sustainable tourism. Ecotourism, which espouses important ideals of sustainable tourism, has consequently become a popular concept among various stakeholders in the country. Between independence and the late 1980s the emphasis in Kenya has been on mass tourism where the number of tourist arrivals mattered more than their impact on the destinations. However, in the 1990s, Kenya enhanced principles of ecotourism to position herself as a destination for the new niche-based tourism, respecting sustainable development ideals. The country was amo...
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Kenya, tourism
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- First Online: 01 January 2015
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- Tom G. Ondicho 3
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Located in East Africa (Figure 1 ), the Republic of Kenya has an estimated population of 42 million and has English and Kiswahili as its official languages. Kenya is one of the poorest countries in the world and agriculture is the mainstay of the economy. Tourism is also an important industry in its national economy and a major foreign exchange earner, contributing approximately 10 % to GDP, 10–12 % of total wage employment, and 19.2 % of export earnings (Kenya 2013 ). The country is the seventh most popular destination in Africa (UNWTO 2013 ) and is known for ecotourism which features a game safari and viewing of wildlife in pristine natural environments. About 10 % of the country has been set aside for wildlife conservation and promotion of tourism; however, human-wildlife conflicts and poaching are major challenges.
Map of Kenya (Ondicho 2010 )
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Kenya 2013 National Tourism Strategy 2013-2018. Nairobi: Department of Tourism, Government of Kenya.
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KNBS 2013 Kenya Sectoral Data. Nairobi: Government Printer.
Ondicho, T. G. 2010 Tourism, power and politics: the challenges of maasai involvement in tourism development. Unpublished PhD Dissertation, Massey University, New Zealand.
UNWTO 2013 Tourism Highlights. Madrid: World Tourism Organization.
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Institute of Anthropology, Gender and African Studies, University of Nairobi, 00100, 30197, Nairobi, Kenya
Tom G. Ondicho
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Ondicho, T.G. (2015). Kenya, tourism. In: Jafari, J., Xiao, H. (eds) Encyclopedia of Tourism. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-01669-6_478-1
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DOI : https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-01669-6_478-1
Received : 09 March 2015
Accepted : 09 March 2015
Published : 25 September 2015
Publisher Name : Springer, Cham
Online ISBN : 978-3-319-01669-6
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There has been an extraordinary growth of tourism recorded in 2020 in the world (1.5 billion), Africa (71.2 million) and Kenya (2.05 million). Tourism is one of the most important industries in Africa and contributed 8.5% (or $194.2bn) of the continent’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in 2018 (WTTC, 2020).....
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REPUBLIC OF KENYA MINISTRY OF TOURISM WORKING DOCUMENT DRAFT REVISED NATIONAL TOURISM POLICY, 2016 ON ENHANCING SUSTAINABLE TOURISM IN KENYA . ... The need for review of the National Tourism Policy, 2010 is due to a number of changes that have happened since it was adopted so as to
The Ministry of Tourism and Wildlife has a National Tourism Policy which has guided the sector since 2010. This policy is now due for review because of a number of changes that have happened since it was adopted. ... 2020 on Enhancing Sustainable Tourism in kenya MINISTRY OF TOURISM AND WILDLIFE. By Silas Wachira | 2020-07-07T07:52:41+00:00 ...
Abstract/Overview. The Kenyan tourism industry plays an important role in the economy of Kenya but the industry has experienced challenges in recent years due to the negative impacts of events such as the terrorist attacks in Nairobi in 2013. This, together with a lack of competitiveness in tourism product supply with other African regions, has ...
Kenya's Tourism: Polishing the Gem 8. Executive Summary . 1. Kenya's tourism product lines (that is, supply) and their source markets (that is, demand) function in a cross-sectoral context, which leads to cross-cutting public and private sector issues.
Sessional Paper No. 1 Of 2010 on Enhancing Sustainable Tourism in Kenya 9 | Page 1.2 Existing Tourism Sector Policy Instruments The first statement of Kenya's National Tourism Policy was set out in Sessional Paper No. 8 of 1969. The Policy established growth targets for the industry and further spelt out strategies on the role of
Revised National Tourism Policy, 2020 on Enhancing Resilience and Sustainable Tourism in Kenya 2 | P a g e FOREWORD The tourism sector is one of the key economic drivers in Kenya, generating 8.8% of the country's GDP, worth USD 7.9 billion in 2018.This represents a growth of 5.6%, which
The first National Tourism Policy of Kenya was formulated under Sessional paper No. 8 of 1969, entitled Tourism Development in Kenya. That Policy set growth targets and spelt out strategies on how the government and private sector would develop tourism so that it became one of this nation's leading economic activities.
Policy Reforms. To realize and sustain the tourism sector, various policy changes were made or initiated in the last five years. To this effect, tourism and wildlife policies were formulated. While the sector will continue to review these policies to suit changing circumstances, the process of translating the two policies into law has been ...
Although there is already draft tourism policy document going through the legislative process, there are some policy issues that may not have been captured such as: ... 1999, Muune, 2010). • Kenya to be among the top 10 long-haul tourist destinations in the world offering a high-end, diverse and distinctive visitor experience.
The tourism sector has been identified in various policy and planning documents such as Kenya`s Vision 2030, County Integrated Development Plan (CIDP) II ... The National Tourism Policy, 2010 that lays the foundation of tourism development XIV. The Tourism Act, 2011 that creates semi-autonomous government agencies ...
2.0 REGULATORY AND INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK: TOURISM POLICY AND GOVERNANCE IN KENYA 10 2.1 Gap Analysis: Sustainability and Compliance to Policies 11 2.2 Self -Regulatory Frameworks: Stakeholder Associations 12 2.3 Policy and Enforcement Gaps in the Tourism Industry 12 2.4 Policy Gaps Relating to Destination Management 13
Kenya: a content analysis to assess sustainable tourism policy in the country', Int. J. Tourism Policy , Vol. 6, Nos. 3/4, pp.235-255. Biographical notes: Bernard Kitheka is a Postdoc Fellow ...
At the height of Covid -19, followed the ban on international flights to Kenya, the country saw a sharp drop in international arrivals (from 1.5 million 2019 to 0.4 million at the end of 2020). This paper seeks to put into perspective the role of domestic tourism amid such crises, in sustaining tourism related businesses in Kenya.
of friendly policies. Tourism receives a high pri-ority in the five yearly National Development Plans and operates within a liberalized economic ... Kenya, tourism, Figure 1 Map of Kenya (Ondicho 2010) 2 Kenya, tourism. poaching, intensify marketing and promotional campaigns, and develop infrastructure to facil-itate easy movement of tourists.
National Tourism Blueprint 2030. The Kenyan tourism industry plays an important role in the economy of Kenya but the industry has experienced challenges in recent years due to the negative impacts of events such as the terrorist attacks in Nairobi in 2013. This, together with a lack of competitiveness in tourism product supply with other ...
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Abstract/Overview. This National Tourism Strategy is a culmination of extensive stakeholder involvement and participation. It is also a fulfillment of the Tourism Act 2011, Section 3. The essence of the strategy is to address national issues confronting the Kenya tourism sector and focus the players in the sector on sustainable tourism.
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Revised National Tourism Policy, 2020 on Enhancing Resilience and Sustainable Tourism in Kenya 2 | P a g e FOREWORD The tourism sector is one of the key economic drivers in Kenya, generating 8.8% of the country 's GDP, worth USD 7.9 billion in 2018.This represents a growth of 5.6%, which was greater than the global average of 3.9% and the Sub-Saharan Africa average of 3.3%.
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Abstract/Overview. There has been an extraordinary growth of tourism recorded in 2020 in the world (1.5 billion), Africa (71.2 million) and Kenya (2.05 million). Tourism is one of the most important industries in Africa and contributed 8.5% (or $194.2bn) of the continent's Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in 2018 (WTTC, 2020).....