• Find a Lawyer
  • Legal Topics
  • Business Law
  • Business Disputes

Understanding Travel Agent Liability

(This may not be the same place you live)

  Are Travel Agencies Subject to Specific Laws?

Yes, travel agencies and travel agents are subject to specific laws. A travel agency is a business that makes arrangements for individuals who are traveling, including booking airline tickets and hotel rooms.

Travel agencies and their agents are subject to travel law. Travel law regulates the travel industry. Travel law includes:

  • Federal laws;
  • State laws;
  • Common law; and
  • International laws.

Each state has consumer disclosure and fraud statutes as well as refund policy requirements for businesses that arrange and/or sell travel services. Some states have created specific laws for regulation, registration, and licensing for those who sell travel. The majority of states do not require travel agents to obtain a license. However, California and Florida require travel agents to register with the applicable state agency.

What are the Responsibilities of Travel Agents?

What are the legal duties and obligations of travel agents, what is travel insurance, is trip insurance required, can my travel agent be liable for problems i encounter on my trip, do travel agents need insurance, do i need a lawyer if i have a claim against my travel agent.

Travel agents have many responsibilities. A travel agent definition is someone who sells and arranges transportation, accommodations, tours, and/or trips for travelers. They are fiduciaries , or representatives, of their customers. They are responsible for general duties in arranging travel plans. A travel agent should:

  • Make and confirm reservations, including itinerary changes and delivery of tickets;
  • Disclose the identity of tour operator and/or the supplier responsible for the services;
  • Vouch for the reliability of the supplier and/or provide a warranty for services;
  • Investigate the availability of travel services, such as cancelled flights and/or overbooked hotels;
  • Convey needed information and provide needed travel documentation;
  • Provide information on health and safety hazards;
  • Advise on the availability of travel insurance ; and
  • Inform customers of any restrictions on transportation tickets.

According to the state courts, travel agents have a higher standard of care because they have a special relationship with their customers. This includes special duties and obligations owed to their customers. Travel agents duties and obligations include:

  • A duty to warn the customer;
  • A duty to investigate and disclose;
  • A duty to inform;
  • A duty to make reservations; and
  • A duty to confirm reservations.

The duty to warn the customer includes a duty to reveal any negative information they have regarding the destination of the traveler. An example of this is if the traveler is going to a high crime area.

The duty to investigate and disclose includes a duty to investigate travel plans and be knowledgeable about the area to which the traveler is going. This includes knowing if there are certain conditions that would affect the consumers travel plans, such as a community event that may cause travel interference or delays.

The travel agent’s duty to inform means the agent has a duty to inform their clients about important travel information. They must inform clients about things such as:

  • Limitations on ticket changes;
  • Documents needed to travel;
  • Whether certain countries have requirements; and
  • The availability of travel insurance.

The travel agent has a duty to make reservations at the request of the customer. The travel agent also has a duty to confirm those reservations and make sure they are ready for the customer.

Travel insurance reimburses a traveler for costs related to events that may occur during their trip. It is designed to cover those who purchase coverage for financial implications of issues that may arise during their trip. It may include costs incurred prior to travel, such as non-refundable tickets or hotel stays and/or events that occur during a trip, including travel interruptions and medical expenses.

Travel insurance usually covers 5 main categories, including:

  • Trip cancellations;
  • Travel medical coverage;
  • Major medical coverage;
  • Emergency medical evacuation; and/or
  • Accidental death/flight accident.

Travel insurance is an optional coverage that the traveler can purchase when they book their trip. Should they wish, a lawyer can review the terms and conditions of any travel insurance.

As noted above, trip or travel insurance is an optional coverage a traveler may purchase prior to taking a trip. In most cases, an individual’s homeowner’s insurance and/or health insurance policies will cover any medical costs or lost property, while at home or traveling. An individual’s life insurance policy will usually cover the individual and their family members while traveling. Additionally, airlines must reimburse a passenger if they lose their baggage.

A traveler can also purchase trip cancellation or trip interruption insurance, which will cover any losses that are not covered by other insurance. This can be helpful to protect the cost of the trip, especially if it must be cut short due to unforeseen circumstances.

Travel can be extremely expensive, especially abroad. Trip insurance may assist with costs of travel delay and/or lost or damaged luggage if the airline fails to fully compensate the traveler. It may also protect a traveler from costly medical bills in the event they are injured or become ill during their trip. Trip insurance may cover extreme unforeseen circumstances such as emergency medical evacuation, accidental death and/or flight accidents.

There are times when travel agents may be liable for problems a customer encounters. Travel agents may be liable to their customers for:

  • Violations of general duties;
  • Fraudulent misrepresentations; and/or
  • Violations of applicable state regulations.

Some common issues travelers may encounter include:

  • A cancellation;
  • Discrimination;
  • Lost, stolen and/or damaged baggage;
  • A violation of consumer protection laws; and/or
  • A deceptive port charge.

Sometimes, when an individual books a vacation, they may have to sign a travel agency contract. These contracts are signed at the time the traveler books their trip. They may include:

  • Baggage fees;
  • Travel agent obligations;
  • Cancellations;
  • Payment terms;
  • Additional fees;
  • Travel documents;
  • Confirmations;
  • Governing laws; and/or
  • Any other necessary clauses.

Yes, similar to other commercial businesses, travel agents benefit from obtaining business insurance to protect them from liability. Travel agent or travel agency insurance often comes in 2 forms: professional liability insurance and general liability insurance.

Travel agent liability insurance, or professional liability insurance, protects a travel agent for any errors that occur in business activities. It also assists when the travel agent is sued by a customer for not providing the service that the customer was due to receive per their contract.

General liability insurance protects travel agents and travel agencies in their officers where they meet with clients. This is generally for protection in case a claim related to an injury, such as a slip and fall accident, occurs.

Yes, travel laws can be complex and vary by jurisdiction. An experienced business lawyer will be able to assist you with any aspects of travel law. Every state has specific regulations regarding travel sellers. Travel law includes domestic and international laws. For these reasons, it is important to obtain the services of a lawyer to help navigate any claims.

A lawyer can assist with reviewing any contracts and/or documentation and determine if a claim exists. A lawyer can also represent you during any court proceedings or alternative dispute resolution processes, if necessary. A lawyer can also assist you with any issues that arise from travel insurance.

Save Time and Money - Speak With a Lawyer Right Away

  • Buy one 30-minute consultation call or subscribe for unlimited calls
  • Subscription includes access to unlimited consultation calls at a reduced price
  • Receive quick expert feedback or review your DIY legal documents
  • Have peace of mind without a long wait or industry standard retainer
  • Get the right guidance - Schedule a call with a lawyer today!

Need a Business Law Lawyer in your Area?

  • Connecticut
  • Massachusetts
  • Mississippi
  • New Hampshire
  • North Carolina
  • North Dakota
  • Pennsylvania
  • Rhode Island
  • South Carolina
  • South Dakota
  • West Virginia

Photo of page author Jennifer Corbett

Jennifer Corbett

LegalMatch Legal Writer

Original Author

Jennifer joined LegalMatch in 2020 as a Legal Writer. She holds a J.D. from Cumberland School of Law and has been a member of the Alabama State Bar since 2012. She is a certified mediator and guardian ad litem. She holds a B.A. in Criminology and Criminal Justice and a B.A. in Spanish, both from Auburn University. Jennifer’s favorite part of legal work is research and writing. Jennifer enjoyed being a Law Clerk for a distinguished Circuit Judge in Alabama. She is a stay-at-home mom and homeschool teacher of three children. She enjoys reading and long evening walks with her husband. Read More

Photo of page author Jose Rivera

Jose Rivera

Managing Editor

Preparing for Your Case

  • What to Do to Have a Strong Business Dispute Case
  • Top 5 Types of Documents/Evidence to Gather for Your Business Dispute Case

Related Articles

  • Equal Credit Opportunity Act Lawyers
  • Truth in Lending Act
  • How to Sue a Company in Pennsylvania?
  • How to Sue a Company in New York?
  • How to Sue a Company in Florida?
  • How to Sue a Company in Georgia?
  • How to Sue a Company in Texas?
  • How to Sue a Moving Company in California?
  • How to Sue a Company in California
  • Moving Contract Lawyers
  • Online Consumer Data Collection Laws
  • Business Divorce Lawyers
  • Religious Arbitration
  • Fraudulent Invoice Law
  • Data Breach Lawyers
  • Data Privacy Lawsuits
  • How to File a Lawsuit Against a Company
  • Business Lawsuit Settlements
  • Business Idea Legal Disputes
  • Business Record Violations
  • How to Resolve Small Business Conflicts
  • Small Business Management Disputes
  • Business Dispute Lawsuits
  • Filing Under a Fictitious or Assumed Name
  • Business Non-Compliance Lawyers
  • Enforcing an Arbitration Agreement
  • Suing a Corporation as a Corporate Shareholder
  • Types of Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR)

Discover the Trustworthy LegalMatch Advantage

  • No fee to present your case
  • Choose from lawyers in your area
  • A 100% confidential service

How does LegalMatch work?

Law Library Disclaimer

star-badge.png

16 people have successfully posted their cases

Anolik Law Group

621 18th St Oakland, California 94612 (415) 729-3748 [email protected]  

Recent Firm Media Appearances

  • Passengers Pay Hefty Price for Fees Embedded In Airline Jargon
  • Passenger rights when flight cancelled from CBS News
  • Limits on the amounts recoverable by Asiana crash survivors from ABC News
  • Vacationers unlikely to be dissuaded by Carnival Triumph crisis
  • ConsumerWatch Bay Area Hindu Man Accidentally Served Meat Aboard Flight
  • Airline (47)
  • Cruise (15)
  • Rental Car (14)
  • Tour Operator (10)
  • Travel Agent (36)
  • Travel Rights (66)

Travel Law Library

  • Bibliography
  • Glossary of Travel Terms
  • Travel Organizations
  • Television Interviews
  • Radio Interviews
  • Audio Conferences
  • Video Conferences
  • Travel Law Quarterly

You are using an outdated browser. Please upgrade your browser to improve your experience.

  • Business immigration
  • Civil Fraud
  • Data protection & privacy
  • Dispute resolution
  • Employment & HRLaw
  • Financial services regulatory
  • Intellectual property
  • Internal investigations
  • International
  • International Arbitration
  • Partnerships & LLPs
  • Real estate
  • Regulatory & white-collar defence
  • Securities Litigation
  • Tax & incentives
  • Technology & online
  • Financial services
  • Professional services
  • Publishing & digital media

Home / Insights

What is the law of travel agency and what do you need to know? Part 3: what is the status of the principal in travel agency contracts?

  • News & deals
  • Webinars on demand
  • opens a new window

This article was first published in  Travel Weekly  on Tuesday 4 May 2021.

In the third part of our overview of the law of travel agency, we explain the relationships which exist between (1) the principal (by which we mean the supplier of the travel services) and the consumer; and (2) the principal and the travel agent. You can read part one: the basics of an agency relationship here , and part two: how do I become a travel agent, and what if I create package holidays? here.

1. The relationship between the principal and the consumer

A principal will be bound by the acts carried out by its travel agent where the travel agent had actual or apparent authority to do those acts. As a matter of practical reality, the concept of “apparent authority” is very broad such that the principal will typically find it very difficult to deny being bound by the acts of the travel agent, even if the travel agent acted outside the scope of its actual authority.

As a matter of practice, travel agents usually arrange for consumers to enter into contracts with principals for the supply of the principals’ travel services. Provided that the travel agent made it clear to the consumer that the principal’s terms and conditions will form the basis of this contract, the consumer will be bound by the principal’s terms and conditions in relation to the provision of the travel service.

This means that the principal will be the party obliged to provide the travel services to the consumer, and against whom the consumer will have legal claims if there is some failure to perform or improper performance of the travel services. It is commonly said that the agent “drops out” of the situation once the contract between the consumer and the principal is formed, although this is not strictly accurate because the travel agent typically still has responsibilities to act as the “go between” between the principal and the consumer, for instance in collecting and remitting consumer payments. Typically, the travel agent will set out its duties to the consumer in its own terms and conditions, which the consumer will be asked to agree to upon entering into the booking.

2. The relationship between the travel agent and the principal

The duties of the travel agent to the principal are typically set out in a written agency agreement. For instance, travel agents may be required to:

  • Promote and sell the principal’s travel services;
  • Ensure the principal’s terms and conditions of booking are brought to the attention of the consumer;
  • Obtain the deposit and balance for the travel services and send it on to the principal;
  • Collect any cancellation and amendment charges on behalf of the principal;
  • Not make any secret profits in addition to the agreed commission rates or travel agency fees;
  • Refrain from overselling or making misrepresentations about the principal’s travel services; and
  • Comply with travel laws and regulations, particularly if the travel agent is creating package holidays.

In addition to these written terms, a travel agent may owe duties to the principal under the “common law” of agency, although these may be overridden by the terms of the written agency agreement. Under common law, agents typically owe their principals the following duties:

  • To obey the lawful instructions of the principal;
  • To act only within the limits of its authority,
  • To indemnify the principal for losses suffered as a result of the agent’s failure to comply with its duty to act within the limits of its authority; and
  • To use reasonable diligence and care when discharging its travel agency duties.

Of more significance is the fact that an agency relationship is typically considered as one of the classic examples of relationships which give rise to “fiduciary duties” on the part of the agent. This means that the agent will owe a legal duty:

  • of loyalty and good faith to the principal;
  • not to act against the interests of the principal (e.g. by putting its own interests above those of its principal).

This is because an agent generally has broad discretionary powers to bind the principal – as described above, a principal may be bound by the acts of an agent even if it has not permitted the agent to do those acts. In the light of the vulnerable position in which this puts the principal, the law imposes these fiduciary duties on the agent.

The final part of our overview of the law of travel agency will focus upon the relationship between the travel agent and the consumer and the rights and obligations which arise under this relationship.

travel agent legal definition

Rhys Griffiths

Follow us online.

  • linkedin - opens a new window
  • twitter - opens a new window
  • youtube - opens a new window

Register for updates

Popular insights

Direct(or) responsibility: 10 ways a director could be held personally liable in 2022.

A recently published case has shone a new light on the well-known fact of English company law – that a company has its o...

Dismissing directors – a guide to the key legal issues

A decision to part ways is never easy, emotionally and very often legally.  Dismissing directors can be a particula...

Setting aside a settlement in a Tomlin Order

In 1927, Mr Justice Tomlin (who was later elevated to the House of Lords as Baron Tomlin of Ash) issued a Practice Note...

Related legal expertise

Related sectors.

Need more information about the above people and legal expertise? Talk to one of our lawyers: +44 (0)20 7628 2000

Privacy Overview

Travel Services Agreement

Trustpilot

Jump to Section

What is a travel services agreement.

A travel services agreement is a contract between a travel agency and a client that serves as a master document governing the business relationship. A few of the most important aspects of a travel services agreement include an agency's terms and conditions, travel advisories, and planning fee terms. Consolidating all of these pieces into one master document simplifies the relationship between the two parties, making the process easier and more palatable for everyone involved.

Perhaps the biggest benefit of signing a travel services agreement lies in the protections it offers. Travel agencies are reassured that their clients have a good understanding of how the relationship will work. Travelers, on the other hand, can count on having no surprises during their trip. If anything goes wrong on either end, a travel services agreement provides vital evidence to benefit the wronged party.

Common Sections in Travel Services Agreements

Below is a list of common sections included in Travel Services Agreements. These sections are linked to the below sample agreement for you to explore.

Travel Services Agreement Sample

Reference : Security Exchange Commission - Edgar Database, EX-10.1 2 f8k101012_ex10z1.htm EXHIBIT 10.1 TRAVEL SERVICES AGREEMENT , Viewed August 13, 2022, View Source on SEC .

Who Helps With Travel Services Agreements?

Lawyers with backgrounds working on travel services agreements work with clients to help. Do you need help with a travel services agreement?

Post a project  in ContractsCounsel's marketplace to get free bids from lawyers to draft, review, or negotiate travel services agreements. All lawyers are vetted by our team and peer reviewed by our customers for you to explore before hiring.

Need help with a Travel Services Agreement?

Meet some of our travel services agreement lawyers.

Jane C. on ContractsCounsel

Skilled in the details of complex corporate transactions, I have 15 years experience working with entrepreneurs and businesses to plan and grow for the future. Clients trust me because of the practical guided advice I provide. No deal is too small or complex for me to handle.

Faryal A. on ContractsCounsel

Ms. Ayub is an attorney licensed to practice in Texas. Before moving to the US, she has a number of years of experience in contract review, analysis and drafting. Ms. Ayub is available to help you with your legal problems, as well as filling LLC and other business entity formation documents. To know more about her practice, please visit https://ayublawfirmpllc.com/.

Fabian G. on ContractsCounsel

Fabian graduated with honors from the University of Miami School of law, where he served as the articles and comments editor for the law school's Race and Social Justice Law Review. He received the John F. Evans Memorial Scholarship Award for excellence in the university's Litigation Skills Program and the HOPE Pro Bono award for completing more than one hundred (100) pro bono hours. Additionally, he received the CALI Excellence for the future award in Sports Law. He focuses his practice on corporate, real estate and immigration matters. Fabian has experience representing luxury hotel owners and operators in connection with the drafting of hotel management agreements, restaurant license agreements, and complex restaurant leases for domestic and international projects including: Nobu Tulum, Nobu Punta Cana, Nobu Orlando, Nobu Chicago and the Nickelodeon Hotel in Riviera Maya, Mexico, among others. He has represented clients in the commercial real estate industry in connection with the drafting of purchase and sale agreements, promissory notes, and mortgages. Lastly, Fabian routinely counsels corporate clients in connection with the drafting of articles of organization, operating agreements, and other documents related to acquisitions, restructurings and investments.

Susan T. on ContractsCounsel

General practitioner since 2005, general practice; civil disputes, torts.... logo Call us: (410) 878-7006 Menu Services Maryland Mobile Last Will & Testament Services All Maryland Legal Services Susan C. Trimble Attorney at Law WHAT WE ARE ABOUT Susan C. Trimble, is an established attorney in the Maryland area. Her work is infused with commitment to her community and family. is tailored to your wants and needs. Here you will find an approachable, personable and conscientious advocate. EDUCATION: Juris Doctorate (JD). University of Baltimore School of Law, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. 2006. Bachelor of Science (BS), English Literature. Towson University, 1989. Associate in Claims, (AIC) certification. Fraud Claims Law Associate, (FCLS) certification.

Leonid G. on ContractsCounsel

I have been practicing law since 2018. I used to be a litigator at a nationwide practice before going in-house at a fintech company. I have experience drafting NDAs, SaaS contracts, service agreements, and stock purchase agreements.

John V. on ContractsCounsel

Education: Georgetown Law (83), Yale (75- BA in Economics), Hotchkiss School (1970). Practice areas have included commercial litigation, individual litigation, and securities litigation and arbitration.

V. Yvette S. on ContractsCounsel

V. Yvette S.

I am a highly skilled attorney, fluent in English and Spanish with 20 years of legal experience and 8 additional years of real estate, project finance, banking, financial, securities, and start-up company experience. I worked 6 years with 2 international law firms and handled extremely complex work for all types of clients, 3 years with a Federal Government Regulator, and 5 years in various compliance management positions at national and international financial institutions. I am licensed in New York and North Carolina. I will handle federal litigation on a non-contingency basis. I also practice Appellate Advocacy for constitutional, employment, consumer, and corporate laws. I am skilled in many different NY and NC laws. I have successfully represented clients with state and federal regulatory investigations. I can help you with the FDA, SEC, OCC, CFPB, FDIC, FR and certain state regulators.

Find the best lawyer for your project

Business lawyers by top cities.

  • Austin Business Lawyers
  • Boston Business Lawyers
  • Chicago Business Lawyers
  • Dallas Business Lawyers
  • Denver Business Lawyers
  • Houston Business Lawyers
  • Los Angeles Business Lawyers
  • New York Business Lawyers
  • Phoenix Business Lawyers
  • San Diego Business Lawyers
  • Tampa Business Lawyers

Travel Services Agreement lawyers by city

  • Austin Travel Services Agreement Lawyers
  • Boston Travel Services Agreement Lawyers
  • Chicago Travel Services Agreement Lawyers
  • Dallas Travel Services Agreement Lawyers
  • Denver Travel Services Agreement Lawyers
  • Houston Travel Services Agreement Lawyers
  • Los Angeles Travel Services Agreement Lawyers
  • New York Travel Services Agreement Lawyers
  • Phoenix Travel Services Agreement Lawyers
  • San Diego Travel Services Agreement Lawyers
  • Tampa Travel Services Agreement Lawyers

ContractsCounsel User

Basic Commercial Snow Removal Agreement

Location: washington, turnaround: a week, service: drafting, doc type: service agreement, number of bids: 7, bid range: $150 - $899, agency contract, location: california, bid range: $150 - $1,200, related contracts.

  • Accounts Receivable Purchase Contract
  • Affiliate Agreement
  • Bill of Sale
  • Boat Purchase Agreement
  • Brand Ambassador Contract
  • Business Proposal
  • Commission Agreement
  • Consignment Agreement
  • Contract for Purchase
  • Distribution Agreement

other helpful articles

  • How much does it cost to draft a contract?
  • Do Contract Lawyers Use Templates?
  • How do Contract Lawyers charge?
  • Business Contract Lawyers: How Can They Help?
  • What to look for when hiring a lawyer

Want to speak to someone?

Get in touch below and we will schedule a time to connect!

Find lawyers and attorneys by city

Primary tabs

Agency law is the common law doctrine controlling relationships between agents and principals . A principal-agent relationship is created when the agent is given authority to act for the principal. An agreement made by an agent is binding on the principal so long as the agreement was within the authority actually granted to the agent or reasonably perceived by a third party . 

The two forms of actual authority include:

  • Express authority : An agent has express authority to take any actions requested by the principle as well as authority to take any actions inherently necessary to accomplish those requests. 
  • Implied authority : An agent has implied authority to take any action the principal’s conduct indicates the agent should do. Furthermore, failure by the principal to object to an agent’s prior actions may create implied authority to repeat those actions in the future. An agent does not have implied authority to do anything expressly prohibited by the principal.

In addition to actual authority, a principal may be bound by the actions of an agent if apparent authority existed. 

  • Apparent authority : An agent has apparent authority when, despite no existing authority, a third party reasonably infers that someone is authorized to act on the principal’s behalf due to the conduct of the principal. Unlike actual authority, a principal can be bound by an agent’s act made with apparent authority even if they explicitly stated that the agent could not do that act. Furthermore, a person possessing a widely recognized title like Hiring Director has apparent authority to accomplish anything a reasonable person would believe that title entails. An agent acting with apparent authority is known as an ostensible agent .

Additionally, principals can be held liable for the torts of their agents under the doctrine of vicarious liability . A principal is always liable for torts committed while the agent completes their official responsibilities. 

  • For torts occurring outside of official duties , the liability of the principal depends on whether the agent’s tort occurred during a frolic or a detour. A principal is liable for the detours of their agent but not for the frolics. The primary considerations many courts use to determine if an act was a frolic or a detour are how much control over the agent’s actions the principal was exerting and who economically benefits from the agent’s actions. 

[Last updated in June of 2022 by the Wex Definitions Team ]

  • ACADEMIC TOPICS
  • trial process/advocacy
  • business law
  • LIFE EVENTS
  • family & personal matters
  • juvenile law
  • trusts, inheritances & estates
  • THE LEGAL PROCESS
  • class actions
  • criminal procedure
  • legal practice/ethics
  • civil procedure
  • business sectors
  • individual rights
  • legal education and practice
  • property law
  • wex articles
  • wex definitions

Analysis: The legal relationship between travel agent and consumer

  • Share on WhatsApp
  • Share by email

In the fourth and final part of a series on travel agency law, Fox Williams partner Rhys Griffiths, and associate Anna Tindall, explain the various roles an agent takes on in law

Travel agents have been described as ‘commercial chameleons’, whose roles can change – even during the same transaction. For instance, in a single transaction it is possible for a travel agent to act in a number of different capacities:

  • Travel advisor : The travel agent may assume the role of a professional advisor, taking instructions from the consumer as to their requirements and/or special needs and then advising the consumer as to where to go, where to stay, the best travel arrangements to make, and so on.
  • Marketing agent for principal : The travel agent may be appointed as a marketing agent for a principal (eg a tour operator), where it is appointed to promote the principal’s holiday to the consumer.
  • Sales agent for principal : The travel agent may be appointed as a sales agent for a principal (eg a tour operator), where it is appointed to conclude the holiday sale for the principal and to arrange for the consumer to enter into a contract with the principal.
  • Agent for the consumer : The travel agent may be appointed as an agent for the consumer when concluding a booking with a principal for which it is not formally appointed (eg when booking low cost flights).
  • Service provider : A travel agent may provide the consumer with a technology platform which enables the consumer to make bookings with principals. In this context, the travel agent is not likely to be acting as an ‘agent’ in the true sense of the word. Rather, it is acting as a principal in the provision of a booking service to the consumer.
  • Post-booking agent for principal : A travel agent may be appointed as an agent for the principal in dealing with post-booking matters. This might include collecting balances from the consumer, managing amendment and cancellation requests by the consumer and issuing travel documentation to the consumer.
  • Post-booking agent for the consumer : A travel agent may be appointed as an agent for the consumer in dealing with post-booking matters. This will include remitting balancing payments to the principal, making amendment and cancellation requests on behalf of the consumer and passing on travel documentation to the consumer.
  • Organiser : A travel agent may be an organiser of package holidays if the agent is responsible for creating the consumer’s package holiday.

In order to identify the duties owed by a travel agent to a consumer, it is first necessary to identify the capacity in which the travel agent is acting towards the consumer, which may vary at each point in the transaction. Its duties will then be defined by reference to this capacity and the terms of any contract which may exist between the travel agent and the consumer.

The analysis we have described above will, of course, depend upon a careful analysis of the facts and circumstances of a particular transaction. However, we would suggest that an agent is likely to owe the following duties to the consumer:

  • Travel advisor : A travel agent is likely to have duties under the law of tort to exercise reasonable skill and care in delivering advice to the consumer.
  • Agent for the consumer : A travel agent will likely owe duties to the consumer under the agency agreement and/or under the common law of agency. We would expect these duties to include a general duty to exercise reasonable skill and care to the consumer, which in practical terms is likely to include (this list is not exhaustive):

o Holding the consumer’s money securely;

o Using the consumer’s money to pay the principal;

o Making accurate bookings with the principal;

o Making amendment and cancellation requests on behalf of the consumer;

o Promptly sharing with the consumer all information and documents supplied by the principal;

o Ensuring that the consumer is made aware of all terms and conditions which relate to the booking with the principal; and

o Not making a secret profit (ie. booking fees must be disclosed).

  • Service provider : the terms of a booking service provided would typically be set out in a written agreement. We would anticipate these to be similar to those described above for an agent for the consumer.
  • Organiser : the travel agent will, of course, have to adhere to the duties set out in the Package Travel and Linked Travel Arrangements Regulations 2018.

If a travel agent acts as an agent for the principal, it will in general have no liability to the consumer in relation to the performance of the travel services (unless, of course, the travel agent is also an organiser). Provided that the travel agent is acting within the scope of its actual or apparent authority, the travel agent’s acts will be taken as those of the principal and no claim will lie against the travel agent. Further, there is an implied duty at common law on a principal to indemnify an agent against all liabilities incurred by the agent in the performance of lawful acts within the scope of the agent’s authority. The consumer must, usually, therefore, bring its claim against the principal. However, there may be particular circumstances in which the travel agent may be so liable, including:

  • Collateral contract : in spite of the consumer’s claim lying against the principal under the contract for the supply of the travel service, it is possible that the travel agent may have agreed separate contractual obligations with the consumer. This might include, for instance, a situation in which the travel agent has offered credit to the consumer to pay for the holiday. It might also include more basic obligations set out in the travel agent’s contract with the consumer (eg in relation to handling amendment and booking requests). The agent will be bound by these obligations.
  • Breach of promise of authority : where an agent enters into a contract on behalf of its principal, it is taken to promise that it has the authority to do so. This is generally taken to be a contractual promise, and so if it transpired that the travel agent did not have the authority to make the contract, the consumer could bring a claim against the travel agent on this basis.
  • Tort : the agent may be liable in tort on general legal principles.

Part one :  The different types of ‘agents’

Part two :  Travel agency law and what you need to know

Part three : The status of the principal

Share article

View comments, direct flights from uk to cuba to launch next month, sunexpress doubles capacity to turkey for this summer, agents welcome record tri-brand nclh ship order, home office begins introduction of evisas scheme, jacobs media is honoured to be the recipient of the 2020 queen's award for enterprise..

The highest official awards for UK businesses since being established by royal warrant in 1965. Read more .

  • To save this word, you'll need to log in. Log In

travel agent

Definition of travel agent

Examples of travel agent in a sentence.

These examples are programmatically compiled from various online sources to illustrate current usage of the word 'travel agent.' Any opinions expressed in the examples do not represent those of Merriam-Webster or its editors. Send us feedback about these examples.

Word History

1885, in the meaning defined above

Articles Related to travel agent

woman looking at departures board

Is it ‘traveling’ or...

Is it ‘traveling’ or ‘travelling’?

A tale of two variants

Dictionary Entries Near travel agent

travel agency

Cite this Entry

“Travel agent.” Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary , Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/travel%20agent. Accessed 19 Apr. 2024.

Subscribe to America's largest dictionary and get thousands more definitions and advanced search—ad free!

Play Quordle: Guess all four words in a limited number of tries.  Each of your guesses must be a real 5-letter word.

Can you solve 4 words at once?

Word of the day.

See Definitions and Examples »

Get Word of the Day daily email!

Popular in Grammar & Usage

Your vs. you're: how to use them correctly, every letter is silent, sometimes: a-z list of examples, more commonly mispronounced words, how to use em dashes (—), en dashes (–) , and hyphens (-), absent letters that are heard anyway, popular in wordplay, 10 words from taylor swift songs (merriam's version), a great big list of bread words, 10 scrabble words without any vowels, 12 more bird names that sound like insults (and sometimes are), 9 superb owl words, games & quizzes.

Play Blossom: Solve today's spelling word game by finding as many words as you can using just 7 letters. Longer words score more points.

Cambridge Dictionary

  • Cambridge Dictionary +Plus

Meaning of travel agent in English

Your browser doesn't support HTML5 audio

  • air corridor
  • amenity kit
  • caravanning
  • high season
  • package tour
  • phrase book
  • post-holiday
  • put something up
  • ranger station
  • tourist trap

You can also find related words, phrases, and synonyms in the topics:

travel agent | American Dictionary

Travel agent | business english, examples of travel agent, translations of travel agent.

Get a quick, free translation!

{{randomImageQuizHook.quizId}}

Word of the Day

be chasing your tail

to be busy doing a lot of things but achieving very little

Binding, nailing, and gluing: talking about fastening things together

Binding, nailing, and gluing: talking about fastening things together

travel agent legal definition

Learn more with +Plus

  • Recent and Recommended {{#preferredDictionaries}} {{name}} {{/preferredDictionaries}}
  • Definitions Clear explanations of natural written and spoken English English Learner’s Dictionary Essential British English Essential American English
  • Grammar and thesaurus Usage explanations of natural written and spoken English Grammar Thesaurus
  • Pronunciation British and American pronunciations with audio English Pronunciation
  • English–Chinese (Simplified) Chinese (Simplified)–English
  • English–Chinese (Traditional) Chinese (Traditional)–English
  • English–Dutch Dutch–English
  • English–French French–English
  • English–German German–English
  • English–Indonesian Indonesian–English
  • English–Italian Italian–English
  • English–Japanese Japanese–English
  • English–Norwegian Norwegian–English
  • English–Polish Polish–English
  • English–Portuguese Portuguese–English
  • English–Spanish Spanish–English
  • English–Swedish Swedish–English
  • Dictionary +Plus Word Lists
  • English    Noun
  • American    Noun
  • Business    Noun
  • Translations
  • All translations

Add travel agent to one of your lists below, or create a new one.

{{message}}

Something went wrong.

There was a problem sending your report.

Your location

Profile Login

Skip Navigation Links

The Pros and Cons of Having A Travel Agent

travel agent legal definition

If you often travel, you probably don't need someone to assist you with booking your flights or looking for a great place to stay. This is because you are well experienced when it comes to domestic and international flights. But for first-timers or those who seldom travel, they could experience some challenges in these things, that's why they consider hiring a travel agent who can help them. But is it worth it to have a travel agent?

What Does A Travel Agent Do?

Usually, a travel agent is a person who works under a travel agency. Travel agencies assist people in booking flights, reserving a hotel room, or getting tickets to different itineraries. Though hiring travel agents requires additional costs, what they offer is convenience. With a travel agent, you don't have to experience the hassle of rebooking your flight. Not only that, but travel agencies also offer safer and more secure flights, which is crucial these days now that the COVID-19 pandemic is not yet over.

Hiring a Travel Agent

Should you hire a travel agent or not? Here are some pros and cons:

Get support and assistance.

If you are not comfortable booking your flight, or you want to travel with less hassle, you'll find hiring a travel agent beneficial in many ways. As mentioned, it will be more convenient to have someone who can help you make travel plans.

Receive discounts and perks.

Restaurants and other itineraries. Travel agencies are supposed to have established connections to hotels. This is why they can get you the best deals when it comes to accommodation and other amenities. Though you need to spend money on the travel agent's services, you can still lower your costs through the discounts and perks you can get from them.

You'll spend more than you expect.

If you are on a tight budget, hiring a travel agent might not be the best solution for you. This is because you need to spend more since you have to pay for the agent's services. Some famous travel agencies have higher rates compared to other companies. But the downside of hiring a not-so popular agency is you cannot guarantee if the it is trustworthy.

Looking for a reliable travel agent could be challenging.

There are many travel agencies out there, but it is not that easy to find a travel agent that is trustworthy, responsible, and accommodating. But if you insist on hiring a travel agent, make sure to research a reliable and reputable one. You can do this by checking the reviews of other travellers on the agency's website.

Hiring a travel agent has both pros and cons. That's why you need to weigh the advantages and disadvantages of having a travel agent. If you are travelling to different time zones and you want to save money, getting assistance from a travel agency might not be suitable since you have to pay for their services. But if you can afford to hire travel agents and want more convenience, then you may consider doing so. What matters most is you enjoy your trip and get the most out of your adventure.

Select A Location

Subscribe to our newsletter, recent articles.

  • The Pros and Cons of Permanent Daylight Saving Time
  • Senate Approves Permanent Daylight Saving Time Bill
  • Why January Mornings are Darker
  • Why Eastern Time is the Most Commonly Used Time Zone
  • Does Brazil Have Four Time Zones?
  • What Ontario Needs to Receive More Daylight in the Holiday Season
  • Oklahoma State University Extension Teaches How to Overcome Winter Blues
  • New Bill in the State Needs Federal Approval
  • Washington Gets Stuck in the Draconian Tradition as It Observes Daylight Saving Time
  • Expect Shorter Days and Colder Weather This December 2021

Add Clock To Your Website

Guía turística de Moscow

Planning a trip to Moscow? Our travel guide contains up-to-date, personal information on everything from what to see , to when to visit , where to stay , and what to eat !

  • General Information
  • What to see
  • How to get to Moscow
  • Where to stay
  • Where to eat

Why visit Moscow?

Majestic churches, impressive historic fortresses, and palatial buildings: Moscow is a fascinating city whose emblematic architecture reflects the turbulent history that has defined Russia throughout the centuries.

The traces of the USSR can be found around every corner of the city , side by side with the iconic relics of Imperial Russia , like the mythical Red Square , the imposing Kremlin , and the beautiful  St Basil's Cathedral . 

Discover a fascinating world of Cold War bunkers, golden-domed basilicas, world-class art museums, and the legendary "palace of the people,"  as the Moscow Metro has been nicknamed. Whether you fancy watching a classical Russian ballet at the Bolshoi Theatre , perusing the fine arts at the Pushkin Museum , or marveling at the sheer size of the monuments to the Soviet state's achievements at the  All-Russia Exhibition Centre , this travel guide will help you on your way!

Where to start?

If you're going to travel to Moscow and you don't know much about the city yet, the first thing to do is to dive into its legendary history - understanding the past will help you understand the present. Next, check out our practical hints and tips on traveling to the city before discovering which of its most important museums , monuments , and attractions pique your interest.

Looking for a place to stay?

Booking your accommodation in advance is the best way to get great discounts. Our detailed guide on where to stay in Moscow  will help you decide which neighborhood you'd like to look for hotels or apartments in, and our hotel search engine will find you the best deals!

Why is our Moscow travel guide the best?

Introducing Moscow is a  city guide written by travelers for travelers  and contains personalized advice to help you make the most of your trip to the city.

All the information in this guide is valid as of December 2022. If you find any errors or have any comments, please feel free to contact us .

Download the Civitatis app from the App Store

Our travel guides

  • top attractions
  • where to stay
  • and much more

travel agent legal definition

  • Saint Petersburg
  • Golden Ring
  • Moscow tours
  • Siberia and Arctics
  • North Caucasus
  • Guided tours
  • Tour packages
  • Tips for tourists travelling to Russia
  • Useful apps to download
  • Visa and registration
  • Restaurants and bars
  • Packing tips
  • Transport in Moscow

Visit Moscow Tours

canada

Saint Petersburg - Karelia 9 days - 8 nights

canada

Moscow - Saint Petersburg tour package 8 days/7 nights

Moscow - saint petersburg 5 days/4 nights.

canada

Moscow - Saint Petersburg 6 days/5 nights

canada

Sochi tour 8 days/7 nights

canada

Altai tour package 11 days/10 nights

canada

Murmansk 4 days/3 nights

canada

Happy New Year tour package- best price 8 days/7 nights

canada

Baikal tour package 7 days/6 nights

canada

Christmas tour package- best price 5 days/4 nights

Moscow tour package 4 days/3 nights.

canada

Special Winter Edition Tour 8 days/7 nights

canada

Saint Peterburg tour package 4 days/3 nights

canada

Moscow-Kazan-Saint Petersburg 9 days/8 nights

canada

Moscow-Suzdal-Saint Petersburg 9 days/8 nights

canada

Moscow-Saint Peterburg tour package 8 days/7 nights BEST DEAL (15th of MAY-22d of MAY only)

Moscow-sochi tour package 6 days/5 nights.

canada

Moscow - Velikiy Novgorod - Saint Petersburg tour package 9 days/8 nights

canada

Moscow-Saint Petersburg-Baikal lake 14 days/13 nights

canada

Moscow-Saint Petersburg-Sochi tour package 10 days/9 nights

canada

Moscow-Altai tour package 14 days/13 nights

canada

Moscow-Murmansk-Saint Petersburg 11 days/10 nights

canada

Saint Petersburg - Karelia 8 days/7 nights

canada

Moscow tour package 5 days/4 nights including tank riding and Stalin Bunker visit

canada

Moscow-Saint Petersburg tour package 7 days/6 nights including tank riding and Stalin Bunker visit

canada

Magic Ice of Baikal Lake - 7 days / 6 nights

canada

SPA tour package Grozny (Chechnya) 4 days - 3 nights

canada

Hiking tour package Dagestan 5 days - 4 nights

canada

Suzdal and Vladimir Tour

canada

Moscow Kremlin Tour

canada

River Cruise Tour

canada

Driving Tour around Saint Petersburg

canada

Peterhof Tour

canada

Moscow Driving Tour

canada

Moscow in 1 Day (Walking tour)

Welcome to visit moscow tours.

We provide authentic, informative and memorable tour packages and city tours, at very competitive prices. Visit Moscow Tours are available not only in Moscow, but also in other cities: Saint Petersburg, Kazan, Suzdal and Sergiev Posad.  We also organise customised individual programs tailored just for you.

Our guests come in large groups, small private groups, as couples or as single travellers. We take care of and treat our guests with respect in a friendly and warm family environment. We show people our beautiful cities with passion and deep knowledge of their history, culture and traditions.

Our guides are extremely hospitable, helpful and well-informed. They are simply the best because only by providing the best services can we make the world fall in love with Russia. And we are very happy when our guests say that they will definitely come back to Russia and that they will tell all their friends how great Russia is! That is what inspires us to put even more dedication and hard work into our tours, knowing that what we do is positive and meaningful.

Our classic tours include tours of Moscow and Saint Petersburg, two main Russian cities.

Moscow is a big and busy  megalopolis and Russia’s capital city, where more than 12 million people live and work. Our capital city is happening place; it is mysterious, elegant, luxurious, fashionable, clean and bright, with its unique legends, traditions and events. It is with great pride that we show the Red Square and the Kremlin, our Underground and Tretyakovskaya Gallery, among other stunning attractions.

Saint Petersburg is our second capital,  the second largest city in the Russian Federation. This wonderful city has a strong and lively aristocratic spirit, uniquely Russian royal architecture, magnificent museums and theatres. Saint Petersburg bears the royal heritage of Russia, which can be felt in its air, its streets, parks, monuments, museums and citizens.  In Saint Petersburg tours, we will take you to the Hermitage, Peter and Paul Fortress, Faberge Museum and Orthodox Cathedrals. We’re sure you will love it!

If you have a few more days to spare, venture into the dreamy Russian countryside in Suzdal or Sergiev Posad. Suzdal is a small town with a population of about ten thousand people, situated on less than 15 square kilometres. This tiny area is home to 53 historic cathedrals, five monasteries and a kremlin. Church domes are visible like mushrooms from anywhere and everywhere in the town like in a fairy tale. No wonder Suzdal is called the ‘Town Museum”.  It is definitely worth visiting!

Just try any of Visit Moscow Tours’ tour packages or any individual city tour, and we promise that you will want to come back to Russia again.  Russia is huge with countless amazing places to visit. There are so many unique experiences to be had and energies to be felt that one tour is definitely not enough to explore this vast land. It is also a very safe destination to travel, and we have a tradition of warm hospitality. Our people adore and take care of visitors as our own guests, and even if they do not know your language very well, they still try to be helpful and hospitable.

Our guides will show you the most interesting attractions and historical places, taking you on a journey to the past to enjoy stories of medieval times, the Romanov monarchy, the Soviet Era. And of course, we will show you the contemporary life of our country through authentic local experiences.

We look forward to meeting you soon!

8 interesting facts about the Hermitage

2018 Primetime Emmy & James Beard Award Winner

R&K Insider

Join our newsletter to get exclusives on where our correspondents travel, what they eat, where they stay. Free to sign up.

A History of Moscow in 13 Dishes

Featured city guides.

IMAGES

  1. 6 Characteristics of Successful Travel Agents

    travel agent legal definition

  2. Travel agent definition and meaning

    travel agent legal definition

  3. Top 10 Reasons to Use a Travel Agent

    travel agent legal definition

  4. What are Travel Agents? (with pictures)

    travel agent legal definition

  5. What does a Travel Agent do and How to Become a Travel Agent

    travel agent legal definition

  6. What is a corporate travel agent?

    travel agent legal definition

VIDEO

  1. How Much Do Travel Agents Make?

  2. Legal Action Started Against Fraudulents & Money Snatchers From Innocent Buyers

  3. Former FBI Special Agent, Legal Attaché & Author

  4. Day 2 of Free Agent Legal Tampering (Top Running Backs are Gone)(#DallasCowboys all in????)

  5. Day 1 of Free Agent Legal Tampering (Our #DallasCowboy guys the first out)

  6. How To Become A Travel Agent In 2023

COMMENTS

  1. Travel Agent Liability

    Travel agents have many responsibilities. A travel agent definition is someone who sells and arranges transportation, accommodations, tours, and/or trips for travelers. ... What are the Legal Duties and Obligations of Travel Agents? According to the state courts, travel agents have a higher standard of care because they have a special ...

  2. What is the law of travel agency and what do you need to know?

    In order to be a travel agent in the legal sense, the travel company must be appointed by its principal (e.g. a hotelier) as its agent. This is typically set out in a written agency agreement ...

  3. What is the law of travel agency and what do you need to ...

    Agent for the consumer: A travel agent will likely owe duties to the consumer under the agency agreement and/or under the common law of agency. We would expect these duties to include a general ...

  4. What is the law of travel agency and what do you need to know? Part 1

    It is often the case that travel agents will act in a number of different capacities in a single transaction. For instance, a travel agent may act: as a travel advisor in the creation of a consumer's itinerary; as an agent for the consumer in the sale of the flight; and; as an agent for the supplier in the sale of the hotel. Next part

  5. Should You Use a Travel Agent?

    The travel agent is responsible for making the correct reservation that is consistent with a client's requirement. If the travel agent makes the wrong reservation or a delay results in increased costs, the travel agent will be responsible for the difference between the original cost and the actual cost. Duty to confirm reservations.

  6. Travel Law FAQ

    Anolik Law Corporation assisted in the drafting of the original seller of travel regulation in California. While our firm feels that the various aspects of the seller of travel statutes are unfair to consumers and sellers of travel, we have provided assistance in compliance with the travel laws for over 30 years. CALIFORNIA.

  7. Liability of Travel Agencies

    Some of the legal theories under which travel agents or agencies have been sued (in addition to the travel supplier or tour operator actually providing the service or accommodation) include: Failure to Disclose Identity of Supplier: A travel agent must disclose the identity of a supplier or tour operator ultimately responsible for delivering ...

  8. What is the law of travel agency and what do you need to know? Part 4

    Service provider: A travel agent may provide the consumer with a technology platform which enables the consumer to make bookings with principals. In this context, the travel agent is not likely to be acting as an "agent" in the true sense of the word. Rather, it is acting as a principal in the provision of a booking service to the consumer.

  9. What is the law of travel agency and what do you need to know? Part 3

    Typically, the travel agent will set out its duties to the consumer in its own terms and conditions, which the consumer will be asked to agree to upon entering into the booking. 2. The relationship between the travel agent and the principal. The duties of the travel agent to the principal are typically set out in a written agency agreement.

  10. What is the law of travel agency and what do you need to ...

    The duties of the travel agent to the principal are typically set out in a written agency agreement. For instance, travel agents may be required to: Promote and sell the principal's travel services;

  11. Travel Services Agreement: Definition & Sample

    A travel services agreement is a contract between a travel agency and a client that serves as a master document governing the business relationship. A few of the most important aspects of a travel services agreement include an agency's terms and conditions, travel advisories, and planning fee terms. Consolidating all of these pieces into one ...

  12. Travel agency legal definition of travel agency

    It is used figuratively for the place where business is transacted: it has been borrowed by us, and used in nearly the same sense; as, the bureau of the secretary of state. Vide Merl. Repert. h. t. A Law Dictionary, Adapted to the Constitution and Laws of the United States. By John Bouvier. Published 1856.

  13. Travel Agents Law and Legal Definition

    Travel Agents Law and Legal Definition. Travel pay is usually paid to nonexempt workers for the time they spend traveling to work assignments. There are various federal and state laws, which vary by state, which regulate travel pay for certain public employees. It is often reimbursed on a per diem (per day) basis.

  14. Law Symposium: Travel Agency Liability & Risk Management

    Travel Agents as Professionals; From a legal standpoint, the definition of a travel agent and his or her requisite duties is unclear. The courts have differed in their interpretation of who owes ...

  15. agency

    Agency law is the common law doctrine controlling relationships between agents and principals.A principal-agent relationship is created when the agent is given authority to act for the principal. An agreement made by an agent is binding on the principal so long as the agreement was within the authority actually granted to the agent or reasonably perceived by a third party.

  16. Travel Rules & Rights

    FindLaw's Travel Rules and Rights section covers the basics of consumer rules and rights pertaining to travel so that you can be prepared the next time you book a plane ticket or hotel room. In this section, you can find articles on federal aviation rules for luggage and security, how to resolve a dispute while traveling, and how to book a ...

  17. Analysis: The legal relationship between travel agent and consumer

    Analysis: The legal relationship between travel agent and consumer. May 11, 2021, 08:15. Share by email. In the fourth and final part of a series on travel agency law, Fox Williams partner Rhys Griffiths, and associate Anna Tindall, explain the various roles an agent takes on in law. Travel agents have been described as 'commercial chameleons ...

  18. Travel agent Definition & Meaning

    travel agent: [noun] a person engaged in selling and arranging transportation, accommodations, tours, or trips for travelers.

  19. TRAVEL AGENT

    TRAVEL AGENT definition: 1. a person or company that arranges tickets, hotel rooms, etc. for people going on holiday or…. Learn more.

  20. The Pros and Cons of Having A Travel Agent

    The Cons. You'll spend more than you expect. If you are on a tight budget, hiring a travel agent might not be the best solution for you. This is because you need to spend more since you have to pay for the agent's services. Some famous travel agencies have higher rates compared to other companies. But the downside of hiring a not-so popular ...

  21. Moscow

    Introducing Moscow is a city guide written by travelers for travelers and contains personalized advice to help you make the most of your trip to the city. All the information in this guide is valid as of December 2022. If you find any errors or have any comments, please feel free to contact us. top attractions. where to stay.

  22. Russian travel agency

    The Food Tour by Visit Moscow Tours is a perfect chance to sample all the variety of cuisines of the former Soviet Republics and to understand the Russian customs, traditions and ways of life. You will taste Russian, Ukrainian and Georgian food. Meeting time: from 9 a.m. to 4 p.m. Meeting point:

  23. 21 Things to Know Before You Go to Moscow

    1: Off-kilter genius at Delicatessen: Brain pâté with kefir butter and young radishes served mezze-style, and the caviar and tartare pizza. Head for Food City. You might think that calling Food City (Фуд Сити), an agriculture depot on the outskirts of Moscow, a "city" would be some kind of hyperbole. It is not.